2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2018.10.022
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The long-run relationship between public consumption and output in developing countries: Evidence from panel data

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Cited by 9 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…We test for cointegration with the panel and group test statistics suggested by Pedroni (1999) and report the Fisher statistic proposed by Maddala and Wu (1999) which follows a 2 distribution with 2 x N degrees of freedom. However, as these tests do not account for potential cross-sectional dependence, we follow Francois and Keinsley (2019) and Pedroni (1999) and adopt a residual-based, two-step approach. In addition, we extend the approach with a Common Correlated Effects (CCE) estimation procedure developed by Pesaran (2006) by augmenting the cointegrating regression with the cross-sectional averages of the dependent variable and the observed regressors as proxies for the unobserved factors, which takes account of possible crosssectional dependence from unobserved common factors.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We test for cointegration with the panel and group test statistics suggested by Pedroni (1999) and report the Fisher statistic proposed by Maddala and Wu (1999) which follows a 2 distribution with 2 x N degrees of freedom. However, as these tests do not account for potential cross-sectional dependence, we follow Francois and Keinsley (2019) and Pedroni (1999) and adopt a residual-based, two-step approach. In addition, we extend the approach with a Common Correlated Effects (CCE) estimation procedure developed by Pesaran (2006) by augmenting the cointegrating regression with the cross-sectional averages of the dependent variable and the observed regressors as proxies for the unobserved factors, which takes account of possible crosssectional dependence from unobserved common factors.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For further robustness, we also estimated equation (2) using the ratio of the government current and capital expenditure to non-oil GDP instead of using their levels. This specification is theoretically discussed by Landau (1983Landau ( , 1986, empirically used by Francois and Keinsley (2019) among others and Al-Yousif (2000) for Saudi Arabia. We employed the same methods (i.e.…”
Section: Notesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For further robustness, we also estimated the impacts of government current and capital expenditure, and non-oil capital and labor using the ratio of the fiscal indicators to non-oil GDP. This was the methodology used by Francois and Keinsley (2019), following the theoretical discussions in…”
Section: Empirical Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We assume a 5% depreciation rate and that the initial level of the capital stock is assumed to be 1.5 times non-oil GDP in 1989. Lastly, we exclude government capital expenditure in real terms (GCA) from the resulting series to avoid double accounting in the empirical analysis (Mahraddika 2019;Francois and Keinsley 2019;Herzer and Morrissey 2013).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%