The Loss of Governance Capacity through Corruption

Graycar, Adam; Villa, Diego

doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.2011.01535.x

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Sidebottom (2010) outlines a series of ways in which SCP techniques might usefully be applied to corruption in the health sector. Graycar and Felson (2010) examine SCP approaches to corruption in the global timber trade, while Graycar and Villa (2011) outline situational potential in dealing with municipal corruption in New York City.…”

Section: Corruption and Control: The What Where And Whymentioning

confidence: 99%

Corruption and control: a corruption reduction approach

Graycar

Sidebottom

2012

Journal of Financial Crime

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Corruption is a significant financial crime which is estimated by the World Economic Forum to cost about 5% of global GDP or $2.6 trillion dollars. Explanations of corruption, like explanations of crime, tend to focus on the individuals who commit corruption and the wider conditions which give rise to corrupt behaviour. Approaches designed to reduce corruption usually propose stiffer sanctions, institutional reforms and the passing of new laws. This paper outlines a complementary perspective with which to consider corruption. Grounded in situational crime prevention and related criminological theory, it argues that opportunities in the immediate environment play a causal role in generating corruption. It proposes that corruption can be minimised by removing or reducing opportunities which are conducive to corrupt behaviour. Five cases are chosen as illustrative examples of how situational crime prevention might usefully be applied to corruption, focussing on the Type, Activities, Sectors and Places (TASP) that comprise corruption events. We finish by developing a framework for the empirical study of corruption in local settings.

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Section: Corruption and Control: The What Where And Whymentioning

confidence: 99%

Corruption and control: a corruption reduction approach

Graycar

Sidebottom

2012

Journal of Financial Crime

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“…The cases were originally collected by Graycar & Villa (2011). That study commenced with one hundred cases which the DOI had investigated and which had been successfully prosecuted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These cases were not assessed as corrupt acts, since they did not primarily involve the misuse of a public function to gain access to a criminal opportunity. (details of this study are in Graycar & Villa 2011  A New York State assembly woman offered her help to a private contractor to acquire city-owned land in her district and in exchange the contractor had to build a house for her valued in $500,000 (Graycar & Villa, 2011, p. 424-425) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sometimes the participants are willing, so the behaviour involves collusion, sometimes one participant is unwilling, and thus the behaviour is extortionate. This paper uses data from an analysis of corrupt events investigated by the New York Department of Investigation (Graycar & Villa, 2011). Work done by the authors elsewhere (and not yet published) shows that a substantial proportion of complaints to anti-corruption agencies is about corruption in municipal government.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hotspots of corruption: Applying a problem-oriented policing approach to preventing corruption in the public sector

Porter

Graycar

2013

Secur J

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Some places have no crime and some have a lot, and thus we study hotspots. Corruption is structured differently to crime, but hotspots still are notable. The difference is that hotspots are not places but clusters of activity. This paper analyses corruption cases from New York City to explore a way of identifying such clusters. Seventy two cases were coded according to features that represent the elements of the crime triangle: offender and motivation, target and opportunity, and place and ability. Multidimensional scaling revealed three groups of cases, exhibiting different patterns of corrupt activity. Group one involved politicians involved in high value financial corruption. Group two primarily involved supervisors who created opportunities involving procurement and contracts. Group three involved inspectors, particularly in the infrastructure sector, who were involved with low value bribes to violate regulations. Each is discussed in relation to situational crime prevention principles to develop possible strategies for prevention.

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“…A consensus among scholars asserts that having a bureaucracy infested with corruption-the abuse of entrusted power for private gain-tends to give rise to a number of undesired outcomes (Graycar and Villa 2011). In numerous countries, the presence of small-scale bribery is widespread among public servants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Performance-Related Pay as an Anticorruption Tool

Sundström

2017

St Comp Int Dev

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The last decades' reform of public administrations has in numerous countries included the use of performance-related pay (PRP). Such programs have been said to reduce civil servants' incentives for bribe taking and have therefore been promoted as an anticorruption tool. However, the article proposes that such schemes' suppressing effect on corruption incentives is questionable in highly corrupt settings because the absence of non-corrupt senior managers-and hence independent performance evaluations-may lead to the capture of such programs. An in-depth study of reforms in the South African civil service provides micro-level insights into the process in which such schemes may fail. The investigation outlines how PRP bonuses are used as rewards from corrupt senior managers to colluding subordinates. Honest bureaucrats are instead isolated and receive no addition to their salary. These selective rewards make honest behavior increasingly costly and function as an incentive for civil servants to engage in bribery.

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The Loss of Governance Capacity through Corruption

Abstract: Corruption manifests itself in many ways

Cited by 38 publications

References 9 publications

Corruption and control: a corruption reduction approach

Corruption and control: a corruption reduction approach

Hotspots of corruption: Applying a problem-oriented policing approach to preventing corruption in the public sector

Exploring Performance-Related Pay as an Anticorruption Tool

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