The lung microbiome: clinical and therapeutic implications

Fabbrizzi, Alessio; Amedei, Amedeo; Lavorini, Federico; Renda, Teresa; Fontana, Giovanni

doi:10.1007/s11739-019-02208-y

Cited by 49 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Second, many common medications, including cardiovascular drugs, prescribed in metabolic syndromes can perturb the sleep cycle [57,58], which may in turn lead to lower immunity and higher susceptibility to the otherwise friendly resident bacteria. Much of our knowledge of host-microbe interaction derives from studies of the natural microbiome at various locales of the body, such as the lung and the gastrointestinal tract (GI), two areas of fervent research [50,59,60].…”

Section: Interactions Between the Circadian Clock And Microbial Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Interactions between Pathogens and the Circadian Clock

Barik

2019

IJMS

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The daily periodicity of the Earth’s rotation around the Sun, referred to as circadian (Latin “circa” = about, and “diem” = day), is also mirrored in the behavior and metabolism of living beings. The discovery that dedicated cellular genes control various aspects of this periodicity has led to studies of the molecular mechanism of the circadian response at the cellular level. It is now established that the circadian genes impact on a large network of hormonal, metabolic, and immunological pathways, affecting multiple aspects of biology. Recent studies have extended the role of the circadian system to the regulation of infection, host–pathogen interaction, and the resultant disease outcome. This critical review summarizes our current knowledge of circadian-pathogen interaction at both systemic and cellular levels, but with emphasis on the molecular aspects of the regulation. Wherever applicable, the potential of a direct interaction between circadian factors and pathogenic macromolecules is also explored. Finally, this review offers new directions and guidelines for future research in this area, which should facilitate progress.

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Section: Interactions Between the Circadian Clock And Microbial Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Interactions between Pathogens and the Circadian Clock

Barik

2019

IJMS

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“…Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide (1). Multiple studies suggest that several factors, such as smoking (2), inflammatory response (3), and infections with several microbiota (4)(5)(6), are associated with lung cancer development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Microbiota in Cancerous Lung and the Contralateral Non-Cancerous Lung Within Lung Cancer Patients

Zhuo

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

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Background: The functional role of lung microbiota has attracted an accumulating attention recently, but the profile and functional role of the lung microbiota in patients with lung cancer remained largely unknown. Methods: To evaluate the association of the microbiota with lung cancer, we performed comparative analysis of the lung microbiota using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing approach in the paired bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples (paired samples from cancerous lung and the contralateral non-cancerous lung) from 50 cancer patients with unilateral lobar masses. Results: We found that the relative abundance of phylum Tenericutes, its class Mollicutes, its order Entomoplasmatales, its family Spiroplasmataceae, and its genus Spiroplasma was significantly increased in cancerous lung, but the relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes, its class Bacteroidia, and its order Bacteroidales was significantly decreased in cancerous lung. In addition, the relative abundance of family Leuconostocaceae and its genus Weissella was significantly increased in cancerous lung. Conclusion: Our findings provide insights into a change of lung microbiota community associated with the development of lung cancer.

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“…Microbiomes exist in many parts of human body such as the gut and lung . The lung is now known to hold a large amount of bacteria (Fabbrizzi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontological and Bioinformatic Analysis of Anti-Coronavirus Drugs and Their Implication for Drug Repurposing against COVID-19

Liu¹,

Chan²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Coronavirus-infected diseases have posed great threats to human health. In past years, highly infectious coronavirus-induced diseases, including COVID-19, SARS, and MERS, have resulted in world-wide severe infections. Our literature annotations identified 72 chemical drugs and 27 antibodies effective against at least one human coronavirus infection in vitro or in vivo. Many of these drugs inhibit viral entry to cells and viral replication inside cells or modulate host immune responses. Many antimicrobial drugs, including antimalarial (e.g., chloroquine and mefloquine) and antifungal (e.g., terconazole and rapamycin) drugs as well as antibiotics (e.g., teicoplanin and azithromycin) were associated with anti-coronavirus activity. A few drugs, including remdesivir, chloroquine phosphate, favipiravir, and tocilizumab, have already been reported to be effective in treating COVID-19. After mapping our identified drugs to three ontologies ChEBI, NDF-RT, and DrON, many features such as roles and mechanisms of action (MoAs) of these drugs were identified and categorized. For example, out of 35 drugs with MoA annotations in NDF-RT, 34 have MoAs of different types of inhibitors and antagonists. Two clustering analyses, one based on ChEBI-based semantic similarity, the other based on drug chemical similarity, were performed to cluster over 60 drugs to new categories. Moreover, PCA analysis of anti-coronavirus drugs found differences in physicochemical properties between those inhibiting viral entry and viral replication. A total of 137 host genes were identified as the targets of 47 anti-coronavirus drugs, resulting in a network of 370 interactions among these drugs and targets. Chlorpromazine, dasatinib, and anisomycin are the hubs of the drug-target network with the highest number of connected target proteins. Many enriched pathways such as calcium signaling and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways were identified. These findings may be used to facilitate drug repurposing against COVID-19.

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The lung microbiome: clinical and therapeutic implications

Cited by 49 publications

References 82 publications

Molecular Interactions between Pathogens and the Circadian Clock

Molecular Interactions between Pathogens and the Circadian Clock

Characterization of Microbiota in Cancerous Lung and the Contralateral Non-Cancerous Lung Within Lung Cancer Patients

Ontological and Bioinformatic Analysis of Anti-Coronavirus Drugs and Their Implication for Drug Repurposing against COVID-19

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