The Magas1 Gene is Involved in Pathogenesis by Affecting Penetration in Metarhizium acridum

Cao, Yue Qing; Zhu, Xiang; Jiao, Run; Xia, Yunni

doi:10.4014/jmb.1111.11055

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Bioassays were conducted with fifth‐instar nymphs of Locusta migratoria manilensis . For each strain, 3 μL aliquots of a 10 7 conidia mL –1 suspension in paraffin oil were applied topically on the pronotum of each nymph, and 3 μL aliquots of a 5 × 10 6 conidia mL –1 suspension in sterile water were injected into the hemocoel of each nymph as described previously 34 . Each experimental group contained 30 insects with three replicates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcofluor white hypersensitive proteins contribute to stress tolerance and pathogenicity in entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium acridum

Yan

Chen

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Fungal cell wall integrity is vital for fungal pathogenesis and stress tolerance. Calcofluor white (CFW), a cell wall perturbing agent, inhibits fungal growth by binding chitin in the cell wall. The roles of CFW sensitive proteins remain insufficiently understood in pathogenic fungi. RESULTS We investigated two calcofluor white hypersensitive proteins, MaCwh1 and MaCwh43, in the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium acridum. Both Green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐tagged MaCwh1 and MaCwh43 localized at the endoplasmic reticulum. Our results showed that the ΔMacwh1 and ΔMacwh43 mutants were more sensitive to CFW and ultraviolet irradiation stress compared to wild‐type and complement strains. ΔMacwh1 had a stronger sensitivity to these stresses than ΔMacwh43. Both ΔMacwh1 and ΔMacwh43 mutants showed smoother cell wall surface, and drastically reduced chitin and mannose glycoprotein level in the cell wall and glycerol level in conidia compared to wild type. Insect bioassay showed significantly attenuated virulence for both ΔMacwh1 and ΔMacwh43 mutants with impaired ability in penetrating the host cuticle. RNA‐Seq analysis revealed that a large number of genes presumably involved in cell wall construction and modification, pathogenicity and stress response were down‐regulated in both ΔMacwh1 and ΔMacwh43 mutants. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that both Macwh1 and Macwh43 affect the fungal cell wall ultrastructure and contribute to the stress tolerance and pest control potential in M. acrdium. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcofluor white hypersensitive proteins contribute to stress tolerance and pathogenicity in entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium acridum

Yan

Chen

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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“…Bioassay was performed using fifth instar nymphs of L. migratoria as described previously ( Cao et al, 2012 ). Conidia suspensions (5 μl) were topically inoculated on pronotum (1 × 10 7 conidia/ml liquid paraffin oil).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol Dehydrogenase I Contributes to Growth and Sporulation Under Low Oxygen Condition via Detoxification of Acetaldehyde in Metarhizium acridum

2018

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The entomopathogenic fungi encounter hypoxic conditions in both nature and artificial culture. Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are a group of oxidoreductases that occur in many organisms. Here we demonstrate that an alcohol dehydrogenase I, MaADH1, in the locust-specific fungal pathogen, Metarhizium acridum, functions in acetaldehyde detoxification mechanism under hypoxic conditions in growth and sporulation. The MaADH1 was highly expressed in sporulation stage under hypoxic conditions. Compared with a wild-type strain, the ΔMaADH1 mutant showed inhibited growth and sporulation under hypoxic conditions, but no impairment under normal conditions. Under hypoxic conditions, ΔMaADH1 mutant produced significant decreased alcohol, but significant increased acetaldehyde compared to wild type. M. acridum was sensitive to exogenous acetaldehyde, exhibiting an inhibited growth and sporulation with acetaldehyde added in the medium. MaADH1 did not affect virulence. Our results indicated that the MaADH1 was critical to growth and sporulation under hypoxic stress by detoxification of acetaldehyde in M. acridum.

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“…Fifth-instar nymphs of L. migratoria manilensis (Meyen) were used for fungal insect virulence assays. Aliquots of conidial suspensions (3 ll) of the wild-type, DMaCrz1 and complemented strains were inoculated on the pronotum (1 3 10 7 conidia/ml liquid paraffin oil) or injected directly into the insect hemolymph (1 3 10 6 conidia/ml water) as previously described (Cao et al, 2012). Experiments were repeated five times with 30 insects.…”

Section: Insect Bioassaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bifunctional catalase‐peroxidase, MakatG1, contributes to virulence of Metarhizium acridum by overcoming oxidative stress on the host insect cuticle

Fan

Peng

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Microbial pathogens are exposed to damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced from a variety of sources including chemical reactions due to exposure to stress (UV, heat) or by hosts as a defense response. Here, we demonstrate that a bifunctional catalase-peroxidase, MakatG1, in the locust-specific fungal pathogen, Metarhizium acridum, functions as a ROS detoxification mechanism during host cuticle penetration. MakatG1 expression was highly induced during on-cuticle appressoria development as compared to vegetative (mycelia) growth or during in vivo growth in the insect hemocoel. A MakatG1 deletion mutant strain (ΔMakatG1) showed decreased catalase and peroxidase activities and significantly increased susceptibility to oxidative (H O and menadione) and UV stress as compared to wild-type and complemented strains. Insect bioassays revealed significantly reduced virulence of the ΔMakatG1 mutant when topically inoculated, but no impairment when the insect cuticle was bypassed. Germination and appressoria formation rates for the ΔMakatG1 mutant were decreased on locust wings and quinone/phenolic compounds derived from locust wings, but were not affected on plastic surfaces compared with the wild-type strain. These data indicate that MakatG1 plays a pivotal role in penetration, reacting to and detoxifying specific cuticular compounds present on the host cuticle during the early stages of fungal infection.

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The Magas1 Gene is Involved in Pathogenesis by Affecting Penetration in Metarhizium acridum

Cited by 33 publications

References 14 publications

Calcofluor white hypersensitive proteins contribute to stress tolerance and pathogenicity in entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium acridum

Calcofluor white hypersensitive proteins contribute to stress tolerance and pathogenicity in entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium acridum

Ethanol Dehydrogenase I Contributes to Growth and Sporulation Under Low Oxygen Condition via Detoxification of Acetaldehyde in Metarhizium acridum

A bifunctional catalase‐peroxidase, MakatG1, contributes to virulence of Metarhizium acridum by overcoming oxidative stress on the host insect cuticle

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