The Malpighian tubules and cryptonephric complex in lepidopteran larvae

Kolosov, Dennis; O’Donnell, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/bs.aiip.2019.01.006

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In particular, the posterior end of the Malpighian tube adheres to the hindgut to form a rectal complex, called the cryptonephridium, in larval C. sasakii that disappears by the adult stage. This phenomenon is also found in several other lepidopteran insects (RIGONI et al, 2004;KOLOSOV & O'DONNELL, 2019). The cryptonephridium efficiently maintains salt balance and reabsorbs metabolic water in larvae (RAMSAY, 1976;REYNOLDS & BELLWARD, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Digestive system formation during metamorphosis of Carposina sasakii Matsumura, 1900 (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae)

Xue¹,

Feng²,

Men³

et al. 2021

SHILAP Revta. lepid.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the adaptive mechanism of morphological and structural changes to habits, during the metamorphosis development of Carposina sasakii Matsumura, 1900. Traditional dissection, paraffin section, and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to study the morphological structure and cytohistology of the digestive system in different developmental stages of C. sasakii by classical comparativemorphology study. In order to adapt to the change of feeding habits from solid in the larva stage to liquid in the adult stage, the digestive tract of C. sasakii reconstructed in the pupal stage. The crop of the foregut transformed from a spherical shape in the larval stage to an enlarged lateral, accessory, bag-like structure beyond middle of pupal stage and in the adult stage. The hindgut transformed from a columnar structure in the larval stage to a dilated rectal sac at the end of the hindgut in the adult stage. The morphological changes of the digestive tract provided the basis for theC. sasakii to adapt to the changes of food habits and environment. In addition, the present study provides a basis for better understanding of pupal reconstruction of digestive tract. It also lays the foundation for the nutritional physiology and co-evolution between C. sasakii at different stages and its host plant, while providing morphological data for the toxicological and pathological research of this significant agricultural pest.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Digestive system formation during metamorphosis of Carposina sasakii Matsumura, 1900 (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae)

Xue¹,

Feng²,

Men³

et al. 2021

SHILAP Revta. lepid.

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“…T. castaneum is the outstanding model species in which the morphological development and the molecular and physiological functions of the excretory system have been described and compared with those of Drosophila in order to define the selective pressure that has produced this specialised structure from an evolutionary perspective (King & Denholm, 2014). The cryptonephridial system is typically found in species that feed on dry food or live in environmental conditions requiring minimal water loss such as dipterans (Green, 1980), coleopterans (Grimstone et al, 1968; Özyurt Koçakoğlu et al, 2022) and lepidopterans (Kolosov & O'Donnell, 2019; Ramsay, 1976). The high resolution of this structure obtained in our 2D virtual sections and 3D reconstructions suggests that this technique may be useful for further comparative analyses of the cryptonephridial system in insects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical study of the red flour beetle using synchrotron radiation X‐ray phase‐contrast micro‐tomography

Vommaro

Donato

et al. 2022

Journal of Anatomy

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Synchrotron X-ray phase-contrast microtomography (SR-PhC micro-CT) is well established, fast and non-destructive imaging technique for data acquisition that is currently being used to obtain new insights into insect anatomy and function in physiological, morphological and phylogenetic studies. In this study, we described in situ the internal organs of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum Herbst 1797, a widespread pest of cereals and stored food causing serious damage to the human economy. Two-dimensional virtual sections and volumetric reconstructions of the nervous, alimentary and reproductive systems were carried out in both sexes. The results provided a comprehensive overview of the morphological characteristics of this species, such as the different maturation stages of ovarioles and the realistic location, size and shape of internal organs. Given the great interest in this model species in experimental biology and forensic entomology, complete knowledge of the general anatomy is required for future functional applications in pest control and experimental studies.In addition, this study confirms SR-PhC micro-CT as a powerful and innovative tool in entomology, particularly suitable for small species and chitinized structures that are difficult to analyse using conventional dissection and histological methods.

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“…For land dwelling arthropods in general, just as for terrestrial plants, gas exchange with the environment results in water loss (Mellanby & French, 1958); this is consistent with our results that showed non‐feeding T. occidentella larvae lose mass even at very high rh (Figure 3a). For larvae of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, the cryptonephric complex tubules of the hindgut provide adaptation to dry foods and dry environments via resorption of water from faeces (Kolosov & O'Donnell, 2019; Ramsay, 1976). As explained in Results, T. occidentella larvae possessed a cryptonephric complex and showed no tendency to be permeable to water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture and distribution of a keratophagous moth, Tinea occidentella

Strong

John

2022

Ecological Entomology

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1. Keratophagous insects consume proteinaceous foods (animal hair, feathers, and other substances containing keratin) that are low or even lacking in water, which necessitates a source of moisture beyond the primary diet.2. Tinea occidentella Chambers 1880 (Lepidoptera, Tineidae), which feeds upon the keratin in fur and feathers in mammalian carnivore scat and in pellets of birds of prey (foods very low in water), affords an understanding of the ecology of keratophagous insects in nature. The common name "western clothes moth" is a misnomer as it does not eat clothes but only scat and pellets.3. In laboratory experiments, we found that larvae did not absorb water vapour directly from the atmosphere, and they died at 45% rh-55% relative humidity (rh).We found no evidence that larvae drank. Larvae grew normally, had high survival, pupation, and eclosion only when feeding at very high (>88%-99%) rh upon fur from pellets and scat; the fur absorbed water from the atmosphere. 4. While scat and pellets are abundant throughout North America, T. occidentella is mostly restricted to the moist, mild climates of coastal central and southern California, where fog, dew, and morning high rh of 99% are common. Outside of this coastal envelope where growing season climate is warmer, drier, and becoming more so, the species is rare.5. An intriguing notion, requiring research beyond the present report, is that the warming and drying climate of southwestern North America will contract the range of this insect.

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The Malpighian tubules and cryptonephric complex in lepidopteran larvae

Cited by 13 publications

References 66 publications

Digestive system formation during metamorphosis of Carposina sasakii Matsumura, 1900 (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae)

Digestive system formation during metamorphosis of Carposina sasakii Matsumura, 1900 (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae)

Anatomical study of the red flour beetle using synchrotron radiation X‐ray phase‐contrast micro‐tomography

Moisture and distribution of a keratophagous moth, Tinea occidentella

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