The many faces of blazar emission in the context of hadronic models

Πετροπούλου, Μαρία; Dimitrakoudis, Stavros; Padovani, P.; Resconi, E.; Giommi, P.; Mastichiadis, Apostolos

doi:10.48550/arxiv.1601.06010

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…1) of any blazar well covered from radio to high-energy (to x-ray, γ-ray) typically presents two distinct features: high variability and two large bumps. The first bump is generally attributed to synchrotron emission, while the second one may be due to inverse Compton scattering or to radiation originating in a hadronic or lepto-hadronic scenarios (Reimer, 2012;Cerruti et al, 2011;Petropoulou et al, 2015Petropoulou et al, , 2016Gokus et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Open Universe VOU-Blazars tool

Chang

Brandt

Giommi

2020

Astronomy and Computing

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Context: Blazars are a remarkable type of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) that are playing an important and rapidly growing role in today's multi-frequency and multi-messenger astrophysics. In the past several years, blazars have been discovered in relatively large numbers in radio, microwave, X-ray and γ-ray surveys, and more recently have been associated to high-energy astrophysical neutrinos and possibly to ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Blazars are expected to dominate the high-energy extragalactic sky that will soon be surveyed by the new generation of very high-energy γ-ray observatories such as CTA. In parallel to the discovery of many blazars at all frequencies, the technological evolution, together with the increasing adoption of open data policies, is causing an exponential growth of astronomical data that is freely available through the network of Virtual Observatories (VO) and the web in general, providing an unprecedented potential for multi-wavelength and multi-messenger data analysis.Product: We present VOU-Blazars, a tool developed within the Open Universe initiative that has been designed to facilitate the discovery of blazars and build their spectral energy distributions (SED) using public multi-wavelength photometric and spectral data that are accessible through VO services. The tool is available as source code, as a Docker container, and as a web-based service accessible within the Open Universe portal * .Methods: VOU-Blazars implements a heuristic approach based on the well known SED that differentiate blazars from other astronomical sources. The VOU-Blazars outputs are flux tables, bibliographic references, sky plots and SEDs.Results: This paper describes the working mechanism of the tool, gives details of the catalogues and on-line services that are used to produce the output, and gives some examples of usage. VOU-Blazars has been extensively tested during the selection of new high-energy peaked (HSP) blazars recently published in the 3HSP catalog, and has been used to search for blazar counterparts of Fermi 3FHL, Fermi 4FGL, AGILE γ-ray sources, and of IceCube astrophysical neutrinos.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Open Universe VOU-Blazars tool

Chang

Brandt

Giommi

2020

Astronomy and Computing

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“…Other criticisms of the blazar scenario is that the cosmic-ray spectrum has to be soft to account for the lack of neutrinos at multi-PeV energies, which would make it difficult for blazars to simultaneously be sources of the UHECRs. The IceCube  spectrum is fit with  E  -2.4 spectrum, but BL Lac models for neutrinos show rising spectra at PeV energies [47,48].…”

Section: Neutrinos From Blazars and Star-forming Galaxiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of high-energy messengers

Dermer

2016

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Knowledge of the distant high-energy universe comes from photons, ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), high-energy neutrinos, and gravitational waves. The theory of high-energy messengers reviewed here focuses on the extragalactic background light at all wavelengths, cosmic rays and magnetic fields in intergalactic space, and neutrinos of extragalactic origin. Comparisons are drawn between the intensities of photons and UHECRs in intergalactic space, and the high-energy neutrinos recently detected with IceCube at about the Waxman-Bahcall flux. Source candidates for UHECRs and high-energy neutrinos are reviewed, focusing on star-forming and radio-loud active galaxies. HAWC and Advanced LIGO are just underway, with much anticipation.

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“…It is well known that EBL plays an inportant role for the attenuation of γ-rays even from the nearby blazars and this model does not take into account the EBL effect. The VHE SED of blazars are modelled using different hadronic models [28][29][30][31]. Using the hadronic models, the high energy cosmic ray and the neutrino fluxes are also estimated [32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-TeV flaring in nearby high-energy blazars: A photohadronic scenario

Sahu

2019

Rev. Mex. Fís.

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Blazars are a subclass of AGN and flaring in multi-TeV gamma-ray seems to be the major activity in high energy blazars a subgrup of blazars. Flaring is also unpredictable and switches between quiescent and active states involving different time scales and fluxes. While in some high energy blazars a strong temporal correlation between X-ray and multi-TeV gamma-ray has been observed, outbursts in some other have no low energy counterparts and explanation of such extreme activity needs to be addressed through different mechanisms as it is not understood well. The extragalactic background light (EBL) plays an important role in the observation of these high energy gamma-rays as it attenuates through pair production of electron-positron and also changes the spectral shape of the high energy photons. In the context of the photohadronic model and taking EBL correction into account, flaring can be explained very well. In a series of papers we have developed this model to explain multi-TeV flaring events form many blazars. Here in this review, the photohadronic model is discussed and applied to explain the multi-TeV flaring from nearby high energy blazars: Markarian 421, Markarian 501 and 1ES1959+650. * sarira@nucleares.unam.mx 1 arXiv:1907.01174v1 [astro-ph.HE]

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The many faces of blazar emission in the context of hadronic models

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The Open Universe VOU-Blazars tool

The Open Universe VOU-Blazars tool

Theory of high-energy messengers

Multi-TeV flaring in nearby high-energy blazars: A photohadronic scenario

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