The Markov-Gap CA Model for Entering Gaps and Departure Headways at Signalized Intersections

Vehicular headways on signalized intersections: theory, models, and reality

“…With the respect to the previous explorations of empirical clearances near signalized intersections [12,11,13,1,27,28] the following non-composite distribution models can be applied for describing the real-road headway statistics: Exponential Distribution, Erlang Distribution, Nakagami Distribution [30], Log-Normal Distribution, and Generalized inverse Gaussian distribution [31]. We emphasize that the exponential, Erlang, and Generalized inverse Gaussian distributions represent (contrary to the Nakagami and Log-Normal Distribution) a theoretically-reasoned probability densities.…”

“…Configuration of vehicles in a intersection neighborhood used to be typically analyzed, as discussed in the previous sections, by statistical instruments applied to gaps or time-intervals between departures of succeeding cars (see [1,11,12,13,14]). Although recent researches have proposed certain candidates for distance/time clearance distributions, the way how to evaluate such probabilistic models is still missing.…”

“…In the last years there have been published many studies investigating some detailed statistical distributions of intervehicular headways (spatial or time) between neighboring cars occurring close the stop line. Some of them focus on distribution of departure time intervals ( [1,11,12]), other on distribution of spatial gaps between cars waiting for a green signal ( [13,14]). In this article we intend to analyze larger amount of original individual data gauged on various crossroads (located in Czech cities Praha, Pardubice, and Hradec Králové) and to introduce suitable theoretical predictions for relevant probability density of vehicular micro-quantities.…”

Cellular automata models for signalised and unsignalised intersections with special attention to mixed traffic flow: a review

“…The summary in Table 2 tries to describe the evolution of the CA models developed from 1992 to 2019 for at grade intersections (with or without signal). It can be seen that most of the studies carried out on intersections are for homogeneous lane‐based traffic [12, 14, 52–56, 74], which may not be able to represent vehicle heterogeneity. Further, the study of heterogeneity in traffic is essential because it affects the capacity, safety, emissions etc.…”

A comparison of departure headway at signalized intersection produced by VISSIM and TransModeler

“…It is a primary parameter that contributes to the signal control timing especially coordinate strategy. Lots of investigations [5]- [9] have been carried out to study the statistic of departure headways with different queue position and reference observing lines.…”