This essay examines William Ralston's illustration of the first official international football match between Scotland and England in November 1872. A close analysis of the image reveals not only how Ralston depicted the players and the style of football they played, but also how broader issues of class, national identity, spectatorship and social satire are bound together in this significant sporting image. The essay also examines Ralston's work in relation to other representations of football produced for the illustrated press during the game's early years. It considers to what extent the form and composition of the illustration was influenced by the style of football on display and how subsequent illustrators interpreted the game as it developed into a popular spectator sport by the 1890s. This essay demonstrates how art offers sport history a rich source of material that can expand our understanding of sporting culture.
IntroductionThe first official international football match saw Scotland and England contest a hard-fought goalless draw at the West of Scotland Cricket Club in Partick on Saturday, 30 November 1872. The only visual record of this significant milestone in the history of football is William Ralston's (1848Ralston's ( -1911 illustration that was published in the illustrated newspaper The Graphic two weeks later (Figure 1). It was composed of several individual sketches depicting the players engaged in physical scrimmages, executing robust shoulder charges and performing skills such as acrobatic volleys and heading. The montage also included glimpses of the crowd, match officials and the warm-up routine, giving a sense of not only how the game was played but also the wider sporting and social milieu. This essay will analyse Ralston's illustration in detail and consider how the image depicts the players, spectators and the style of football that was played. It will examine how Ralston illustrated various technical skills as well as capturing the adversarial struggle between the two teams. Issues of class and national identity will be scrutinized and consideration will be given to how Ralston, a Scottish illustrator producing work for London-based publications, represented Scottish football to a largely English audience. Since football was a relatively new addition to the range of material appearing in the illustrated press at this time, this essay will highlight Ralston's use of recognized visual motifs drawn from other subject matter in his representation of the match. It will also discuss how the image relates to the wider