The maternal gene<i>spn-4</i>encodes a predicted RRM protein required for mitotic spindle orientation and cell fate patterning in early<i>C. elegans</i>embryos

Gomes, José‐Eduardo; Encalada, Sandra E.; Swan, Kathryn A.; Shelton, Christopher A.; Carter, J. Clayton; Bowerman, Bruce

doi:10.1242/dev.128.21.4301

Cited by 50 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…One the other hand, spn-4 and meg-1 are translationally repressed by LIN-41 in the early oocytes but positively regulated by OMA-1/2 in the late oocytes. Both SPN-4 and MEG-1 are required for early embryo development ( Gomes et al, 2001 ; Huang et al, 2002 ; Leacock and Reinke, 2008 ; Kapelle and Reinke, 2011 ; Huang and Hunter, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of RNA-binding proteins in orchestrating germline development in Caenorhabditis elegans

Albarqi

Ryder²

2023

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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RNA passed from parents to progeny controls several aspects of early development. The germline of the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans contains many families of evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that target the untranslated regions of mRNA transcripts to regulate their translation and stability. In this review, we summarize what is known about the binding specificity of C. elegans germline RNA-binding proteins and the mechanisms of mRNA regulation that contribute to their function. We examine the emerging role of miRNAs in translational regulation of germline and embryo development. We also provide an overview of current technology that can be used to address the gaps in our understanding of RBP regulation of mRNAs. Finally, we present a hypothetical model wherein multiple 3′UTR-mediated regulatory processes contribute to pattern formation in the germline to ensure the proper and timely localization of germline proteins and thus a functional reproductive system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of RNA-binding proteins in orchestrating germline development in Caenorhabditis elegans

Albarqi

Ryder²

2023

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…A correlation between the orientation of the division axis and cell fate has been discovered in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans 10–12 and has subsequently been studied in different species 13 . First, budding yeast was used as a simple system to study asymmetrical spindle polarity 14 (Figure 1A).…”

Section: Models For Studying Spindle Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the underlying mechanisms governing spindle orientation: How far are we from there?

Zhong

Gongye

Wang

et al. 2022

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Proper spindle orientation is essential for cell fate determination and tissue morphogenesis. Recently, accumulating studies have elucidated several factors that regulate spindle orientation, including geometric, internal and external cues. Abnormality in these factors generally leads to defects in the physiological functions of various organs and the development of severe diseases. Herein, we first review models that are commonly used for studying spindle orientation. We then review a conservative heterotrimeric complex critically involved in spindle orientation regulation in different models. Finally, we summarize some cues that affect spindle orientation and explore whether we can establish a model that precisely elucidates the effects of spindle orientation without interfusing other spindle functions. We aim to summarize current models used in spindle orientation studies and discuss whether we can build a model that disturbs spindle orientation alone. This can substantially improve our understanding of how spindle orientation is regulated and provide insights to investigate this complex event.

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“…to cell fate specification through maternally deposited mRNAs and proteins [65,66]. This suggests that the core regulatory logic of the early control of axis formation and cell fate specification must differ significantly between the dorylaim species and C. elegans.…”

Section: P R E P R I N T O N L Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

Major changes in the core developmental pathways of nematodes: Romanomermis culicivorax reveals the derived status of the Caenorhabditis elegans model

Schiffer,

Kroiher,

Kraus

et al. 2013

Preprint

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BackgroundDespite its status as a model organism, the development of Caenorhabditis elegans is not necessarily archetypical for nematodes. The phylum Nematoda is divided into the Chromadorea (indcludes C. elegans) and the Enoplea.Compared to C. elegans, enoplean nematodes have very different patterns of cell division and determination.Embryogenesis of the enoplean Romanomermis culicivorax has been studied in great detail, but the genetic circuitry underpinning development in this species is unknown. ResultsWe created a draft genome of R. culicivorax and compared its developmental gene content with that of two nematodes, C. elegans and Trichinella spiralis (another enoplean), and a representative arthropod Tribolium castaneum. This genome evidence shows that R. culicivorax retains components of the conserved metazoan developmental toolkit lost in C. elegans. T. spiralis has independently lost even more of the toolkit than has C. elegans. However, the C. elegans toolkit is not simply depauperate, as many genes essential for embryogenesis in C. elegans are unique to this lineage, or have only extremely divergent homologues in R. culicivorax and T. spiralis. These data imply fundamental differences in the genetic programmes for early cell specification, inductive interactions, vulva formation and sex determination. ConclusionsThus nematodes, despite their apparent phylum-wide morphological conservatism, have evolved major differences in the molecular logic of their development. R. culicivorax serves as a tractable, contrasting model to C. elegans for understanding how divergent genomic and thus regulatory backgrounds can generate a conserved phenotype.The availability of the draft genome will promote use of R. culicivorax as a research model.

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The maternal genespn-4encodes a predicted RRM protein required for mitotic spindle orientation and cell fate patterning in earlyC. elegansembryos

Cited by 50 publications

References 62 publications

The role of RNA-binding proteins in orchestrating germline development in Caenorhabditis elegans

The role of RNA-binding proteins in orchestrating germline development in Caenorhabditis elegans

Understanding the underlying mechanisms governing spindle orientation: How far are we from there?

Major changes in the core developmental pathways of nematodes: Romanomermis culicivorax reveals the derived status of the Caenorhabditis elegans model

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