The Maximum-Likelihood Estimate for Contingency Tables with Zero Diagonal

Wagner, Stephan

doi:10.2307/2284302

Cited by 6 publications

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“…The significance of deviation from the Poisson (random) distribution was tested using the formula x2 = CD (nl), and the resulting values were compared with points of the x2 distribution with n -1 degrees of freedom. To test the hypothesis that no individual preferences existed, the expected values of elements of the grooming matrix were estimated using Wagner's iterative algorithm (Wagner, 1970), and the x2 test with n(n -3) + 1 degrees of freedom was applied. On its basis, Tchuproff's T-coefficient of contingency was calculated (Apton, 1978).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-related factors affecting primate social behavior: Grooming, rank, age, and kinship in heterosexual and all-male groups of stumptail macaques

Butovskaya

Kozintsev

1996

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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The structure of grooming relations was studied in three captive groups of stumptail macaques, two heterosexual (consisting mainly of females) and one all male. Compared to the heterosexual groups, social hierarchy in the all-male group was less linear, and agonistic and peaceful activity of low-ranking individuals toward high-ranking ones was higher. In addition, in the all-male group received grooming was more variable than performed grooming and showed stronger dependence on age. No effect of maternal kinship was found in the all-male group, and individual preferences were also less marked in this group than in heterosexual groups. These differences tend to be related to dominance style and dispersal patterns.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-related factors affecting primate social behavior: Grooming, rank, age, and kinship in heterosexual and all-male groups of stumptail macaques

Butovskaya

Kozintsev

1996

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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“…The four methods are compared on four sets of data; set I is on p. 1380 of Wagner (1970), set II is reproduced in Table 1, set III is Table 3 of Goodman (1968) and set IV is Table 1 of Morgan, Chambers & Morton (1973). The results of applying the methods to the four tables are given in Table 2.…”

Section: Four Iterative Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second alternative is to eliminate {s3} from (1 1) and (1 2) to give Api(l -pi) = n-i ?pi(n -n_i). Equations (1.4) were used by Wagner (1970) to show that the solution of (1.1) is unique and provides a maximum for L, as long as n. > 0, n_ > 0 and (n?_+n-j) < n for all i. These conditions have since been shown to be necessary and sufficient for the existence of tnique maximum likelihood estimates in the general quasiindependence model (Savage, 1973).…”

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confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Iterative Methods for Obtaining Maximum Likelihood Estimates in Contingency Tables with a Missing Diagonal

Morgan¹,

Titterington²

1977

Biometrika

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On the Analysis of Special Incomplete Three‐dimensional Contingency Tables

Enke¹

1978

Biometrical J

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Incomplete contingency tables, i.e. tables with structurally caused cmptp cclls, arc analpeed by means of so-called quasilog-linear models. I n general the expected values can be calculated by means of iterative cyclic adaption to corresponding marginals of the empirical contingencytables (in the same way as in complete tables) under different hierarchical hypotheses concerning the parameters of the models.For important cases of %dimensional contingency tables it is possible to demonstrate that expected values and teat statistics are to find in a closed form.If all 2-dimensional sub or partial tablea of a %dimensional table can be assigned to such cases thcn the hypotheses of cleeees ( A B X C ) (m). ( B X C ) / A ( W ) , ( A X B ) / . (W) etc. are testable inclosed form. But the expected values to (A X B X C ) (W) have to be calculated iteratively.An cxample shows that some definite additive decompositions of the test statistic 2 I are no longer valid while some others remain valid in spite of incompleteness of the tables.Key words : Three-dimensional contingency tables, structurally caused i n m p kteness, quasi-independence, closed form expected values and test statistics.

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The Maximum-Likelihood Estimate for Contingency Tables with Zero Diagonal

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Gender-related factors affecting primate social behavior: Grooming, rank, age, and kinship in heterosexual and all-male groups of stumptail macaques

Gender-related factors affecting primate social behavior: Grooming, rank, age, and kinship in heterosexual and all-male groups of stumptail macaques

A Comparison of Iterative Methods for Obtaining Maximum Likelihood Estimates in Contingency Tables with a Missing Diagonal

On the Analysis of Special Incomplete Three‐dimensional Contingency Tables

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