In view of present problem of low accuracy, limited range and low automaticity existing in the large-scale diameter inspection instrument, a precise measuring system (robot) was designed based on laser displacement sensor for large-scale inner diameter in this paper 1 . Since the traditional measuring tool of the robot is expensive and hard to manufacture, an indirect calibration method is proposed. In this study, the system eccentric error is calibrated by ring gauge of laboratory. An experiment, which changes the installed order of located rods to introduce located rods' eccentric error, is designed to test whether the spindle eccentric error remains unchanged. The experiment result shows the variation of spindle's eccentricity after changing rods is within 0.02mm. Due to the spindle is an unchanged part of robot, based on Φ584 series robot calibrated by ring gauge, other series robot can be deduced combining with the length of extended arm 2 .