The Measurement of Indirect Effects in Project Appraisal

Vörös, Tünde; Juhász, Mattias; Koppány, Krisztián

doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.012

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Also, service disruptions can lead to different types of potential consequences: the population not served by WSS may experience health issues due to the lack of a basic resource, especially for more vulnerable categories; in the case of the road network, delayed commuters may experience difficulties in reaching their workplace, which can be converted to monetary loss (e.g. using the Value of Time, Vörös et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussion and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing studies offer well-established methods to determine CI exposure to floods (e.g. Lyu et al, 2018) and direct flood impacts (Winter et al, 2016;Kellermann et al, 2016). Despite the fact that indirect impacts and cascade effects are widely assumed to be more significant due to the interconnected nature of networks (Gil and Steinbach, 2008;Pant et al, 2018;Arrighi et al, 2017), few works are available which address indirect impacts and cascade effects in time and space (Pant et al, 2018;Arrighi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indirect flood impacts and cascade risk across interdependent linear infrastructures

Arrighi

Pregnolato

Castelli

2021

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Floods are one of the most frequent and damaging natural threats worldwide. Whereas the assessment of direct impacts is well advanced, the evaluation of indirect impacts is less frequently achieved. Indirect impacts are not due to the physical contact with flood water but result, for example, from the reduced performance of infrastructures. Linear critical infrastructures (such as roads and pipes) have an interconnected nature that may lead to failure propagation, so that impacts extend far beyond the inundated areas and/or period. This work presents the risk analysis of two linear infrastructure systems, i.e. the water distribution system (WSS) and the road network system. The evaluation of indirect flood impacts on the two networks is carried out for four flooding scenarios, obtained by a coupled 1D–quasi-2D hydraulic model. Two methods are used for assessing the impacts on the WSS and on the road network: a pressure-driven demand network model and a transport network disruption model respectively. The analysis is focused on the identification of (i) common impact metrics, (ii) vulnerable elements exposed to the flood, (iii) similarities and differences of the methodological aspects for the two networks, and (iv) risks due to systemic interdependency. The study presents an application to the metropolitan area of Florence (Italy). When interdependencies are accounted for, results showed that the risk to the WSS in terms of population equivalent (PE/year) can be reduced by 71.5 % and 41.8 %, if timely repairs to the WSS stations are accomplished by 60 and 120 min respectively; the risk to WSS in terms of pipe length (km yr−1) reduces by 53.1 % and 15.6 %. The study highlights that resilience is enhanced by systemic risk-informed planning, which ensures timely interventions on critical infrastructures; however, for indirect impacts and cascade effects, temporal and spatial scales are difficult to define. Perspective research could further improve this work by applying a system-risk analysis to multiple urban infrastructures.

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Section: Discussion and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect flood impacts and cascade risk across interdependent linear infrastructures

Arrighi

Pregnolato

Castelli

2021

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Spatial research on transport development with the implementation of taxonomic methods has already been implemented in the scientific investigation process [62,63]. The problem of including no directly observed relationships (interactions) in the transportation research process is very important, as has already been demonstrated in studies in the literature [64][65][66]. Furthermore, it should be noted that the most recent research on the implementation of linear order in urban transport has been carried out [67].…”

Section: Background Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Criteria Assessment of Transport Sustainability in Chosen European Union Countries: A Dynamic Approach

et al. 2022

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The main aim of this article is to dynamically evaluate the sustainable development of transportation as an important economic sector in each member state of the European Union. Furthermore, the authors tried to identify underdeveloped spatial areas and indicate related trends in particular countries. To address this research topic, a multivariate-order statistical measure was implemented. The data sources of the study were Eurostat databases. The rankings of the chosen European Union countries for transport sustainability and its individual components (pillars and orders) were obtained for 2016–2019. This allowed the underdeveloped space regions and their individual pillars in the field of transportation sustainability to be identified in an appropriate manner. Then, the total (general) synthetic measures applicable to the entire period of analysis were constructed. It should be noted that the initial set of diagnostic variables and its classification in certain sequences were implemented. Furthermore, the taxonomic method applied with Weber’s multivariate median was first used to dynamically assess aspects of traffic sustainability. Such synthetic methods allow for analysis of the interaction of different areas of complex transportation systems and allow distortions of the diagnostic variables.

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“…However, the issue of including indirect effects is very important in the case of transportation research in different fields (Hayashi & Morisugi, 2000;Jahanshahi et al, 2015;Matteis et al, 2016;Ward et al, 2016). It should be noted that this research problem is under investigation among experts, and a consensus has not yet been reached (Vörös et al, 2015).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative assessment of urban transport development – a spatial approach

Czech

Biezdudnaja

Lewczuk

et al. 2018

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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Urban transport is considered the basis of properly functioning cities and their development. The main aim of the paper is to attempt the assessment of urban transport development in selected voivodeships (provinces) as a crucial factor of macro logistics. The research also aimed to identify the underdeveloped areas of urban transport in Poland as the basis for the implementation of support policy. The source of information in the investigation process was data drawn from the Central Statistical Office in Poland for 2013–2016. In the scope of dealing with the research problem, chosen classical and order multivariate statistical measures were implemented into the research process. Next, the taxonomic measures for the years of interest served as the basis for the construction of the total (general) synthetic measure applicable to the entire period. The main results and findings of the research indicate that the level of urban transport development is correlated with the whole transportation system which affects the socio-economic development of some regions of Poland. The research can lead to a better understanding of Polish urban transportation development in selected regions. Hence, the results can be helpful in the investment process and for shaping the right transportation policy to improve the use of financial resources.

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The Measurement of Indirect Effects in Project Appraisal

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Indirect flood impacts and cascade risk across interdependent linear infrastructures

Indirect flood impacts and cascade risk across interdependent linear infrastructures

Multi-Criteria Assessment of Transport Sustainability in Chosen European Union Countries: A Dynamic Approach

Quantitative assessment of urban transport development – a spatial approach

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