The measurement of international scientific collaboration

Luukkonen, Terttu; Tijssen, Robert; Persson, Olle; Sivertsen, Gunnar

doi:10.1007/bf02016282

Cited by 272 publications

(241 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Their analysis and standardization may involve the use of symmetric indexes (Salton cosine, or the Jaccard or Persson index 41,42 or asymmetric indexes such as the Probabilistic Affinity Index, 43 in conjunction with some mapping technique or method to create the graphic representation. 44,45 Another matter dealt with in the early 1990s was the positive correlation between the Impact Factor (IF) of a journal in which an article is published and, by extrapolation, the number of citations received by the article, and the participation of more than one author (individual or institutional). [46][47][48][49] As a general rule, the greater the number of partners, the greater the impact of the documents produced, particularly in the case of international collaboration.…”

Section: Previous Research On Scientific Collaborationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Approach to the Visualization of International Scientific Collaboration

Chinchilla‐Rodríguez¹,

Vargas-Quesada

Hassan-Montero

et al. 2009

Information Visualization

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In this study, visual representations are created in order to analyze different aspects of scientific collaboration at the international level. The main objective is to identify the international facet of research by following the flow of knowledge as expressed by the number of scientific publications, and then establishes the main geographical axes of output, showing the interrelationships of the domain, the intensity of these relations, and how the different types of collaboration are reflected in terms of visibility. Thus, the methodology has a twofold application, allowing us to detect significant differences that help characterize patterns of behaviour of a geographical system of output, along with the generation of representations that serve as interfaces for domain analysis and information retrieval.

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Section: Previous Research On Scientific Collaborationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Approach to the Visualization of International Scientific Collaboration

Chinchilla‐Rodríguez¹,

Vargas-Quesada

Hassan-Montero

et al. 2009

Information Visualization

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In a number of studies (e.g., Egghe & Rousseau, 1990;Glänzel, 2001;Hamers et al, 1989;Leydesdorff & Zaal, 1988;Luukkonen, Tijssen, Persson, & Sivertsen, 1993;Michelet, 1988;Wagner & Leydesdorff, 2005), the Jaccard index and the cosine have systematically been compared for co-occurrence data, but this debate has remained inconclusive. Using coauthorship data, for example, Luukkonen et al (1993) argued that "the Jaccard measure is preferable to Salton's measure since the latter underestimates the collaboration of smaller countries with larger countries; .…”

Section: The Jaccard Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using coauthorship data, for example, Luukkonen et al (1993) argued that "the Jaccard measure is preferable to Salton's measure since the latter underestimates the collaboration of smaller countries with larger countries; . .…”

Section: The Jaccard Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the normalization and visualization of author co‐citation data: Salton's Cosine versus the Jaccard index

Leydesdorff

2007

J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci.

190

130

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The debate about which similarity measure one should use for the normalization in the case of Author Co-citation Analysis (ACA) is further complicated when one distinguishes between the symmetrical co-citation-or, more generally, co-occurrence-matrix and the underlying asymmetrical citation-occurrence-matrix. In the Web environment, the approach of retrieving original citation data is often not feasible. In that case, one should use the Jaccard index, but preferentially after adding the number of total citations (i.e., occurrences) on the main diagonal. Unlike Salton's cosine and the Pearson correlation, the Jaccard index abstracts from the shape of the distributions and focuses only on the intersection and the sum of the two sets. Since the correlations in the co-occurrence matrix may be spurious, this property of the Jaccard index can be considered as an advantage in this case.

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“…This is well-understood in network science: the degree of reciprocity is determined not by the definition of the link but by the extent to which two nodes report the same ties with one another and the proportion that these ties represent based on connections with the rest of the network (Tichy et al 1979). Several indices exist to measure network asymmetries (Luukkonen et al 1993;Glänzel and Schubert 2001;Eck and Waltman 2009). Among them, two particular indices-Affinity Index (AFI) and Probabilistic Affinity Index (PAI) or Proximity Index (PRI)-have been used to measure the relative strength of scientific linkages in science.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Travel bans and scientific mobility: utility of asymmetry and affinity indexes to inform science policy

Chinchilla‐Rodríguez

Robinson-García

et al. 2018

Scientometrics

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This study explores the international profiles in collaboration and mobility of countries included in the so-called ''travel bans'' implemented by US President Trump as executive order in 2017. The objective of this research is to analyze the exchange of knowledge between countries and the relative importance of specific countries in order to inform evidence-based science policy. The work serves as a proof-of-concept of the utility of asymmetry and affinity indexes for collaboration and mobility. Comparative analyses of these indicators can be useful for informing immigration policies and motivating collaboration and mobility relationships-emphasizing the importance of geographic and cultural similarities. Egocentric and relational perspectives are analyzed to provide various lenses on the importance of countries. Our analysis suggests that comparisons of

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The measurement of international scientific collaboration

Cited by 272 publications

References 9 publications

New Approach to the Visualization of International Scientific Collaboration

New Approach to the Visualization of International Scientific Collaboration

On the normalization and visualization of author co‐citation data: Salton's Cosine versus the Jaccard index

Travel bans and scientific mobility: utility of asymmetry and affinity indexes to inform science policy

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