“…Since the establishment of this method, Barnard's group has applied it to the detection of estradiol (Barnard & Kohen, 1990;Barnard et al, 1991;Mares et al, 1995) and progesterone (Barnard et al, 1995a) in serum and Estrone-3 Glucuronide (Barnard et al, 1995b) in urine, Kobayashi et al have applied it to the detection of UDCA 7-NAG (a bile acid metabolite) (Kobayashi et al, 2000;Kobayashi et al, 2003 a) and 11-deoxycortisol (Kobayashi et al 2003 b). More recently, Niwa et al (2009) established a noncompetitive-type ELISA for cortisol based on idiometric assay model.…”