The Measurement of Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity for Carbon Monoxide by a Rebreathing Method*†

Lewis, Benjamin M.; Lin, Tai-Hon; Noe, Frances E.; Hayford-Welsing, Ernest J.; Flaherty, Erma

doi:10.1172/jci103985

Cited by 77 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…7. Furthermore, our data are compatible with the DL values obtained at resting state by others (KRUHOFFER, 1954;LEwis et al, 1959;UCHIDA et al, 1986). Therefore, the Vol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

One-sampling rebreathing method to measure diffusing capacity for CO.

Niizeki

Doi

1987

Jpn.J.Physiol

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To simplify the rebreathing method to obtain the pulmonary diffusing capacity for CO (DL~o), a one-sampling method was developed, combined with a simulation technique. The change in CO fraction in rebreathing air depends on the rebreathing volume (VRB), the dead space volume (VD), the gas volume in the lung-bag-system (Vs) as well as the DLCO: Using the measured VRB, VD, and Vs, the changes in CO fraction in bag and alveolar air were simulated by varying the DL~o, where the expired and inspired gas volumes Were represented by a sinusoidal function of time. The DLco was determined by checking the similarity between the simulated and measured CO fractions at the 7th expiratory period. To confirm the validity of the simulation method, two-sampling rebreathing and single breath methods were additionally carried out in 6 normal subjects in the sitting position. The DL~o measured by the simulation agreed well with that measured simultaneously by the twosampling method. The DL~o measured by this method was also compatible with that obtained from the single breath method, when the dead space was excluded from the measured lung gas volume.

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“…7. Furthermore, our data are compatible with the DL values obtained at resting state by others (KRUHOFFER, 1954;LEwis et al, 1959;UCHIDA et al, 1986). Therefore, the Vol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

One-sampling rebreathing method to measure diffusing capacity for CO.

Niizeki

Doi

1987

Jpn.J.Physiol

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“…The decrease in V, on tilting was abolished by norepinephrine. 4. V, changed in the same direction as did the capillary transmural pressure deduced from available hemodynamic data during tilting, trimethapan infusion, and exercise.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The infusion solution was then changed to either trimethapan camphor-sulfonate (Arfonad), a ganglionic blocking agent (5), 1 mg per ml, or norepinephrine (Levophed), 4 /ug per ml. The rate of infusion of trimethapan was regulated so that the systolic blood pressure after one minute in the 450 head-up position was approximately 90 mm Hg; the rate of infusion of norepinephrine was regulated to maintain a systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg in the recumbent position.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Body Position, Ganglionic Blockade and Norepinephrine on the Pulmonary Capillary Bed*†

Lewis¹,

McElroy²,

Hayford-Welsing³

et al. 1960

J. Clin. Invest.

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Roughton and Forster (1) have demonstrated that the volume of blood in the pulmonary capillaries (V,) and the true diffusing capacity of the pulmonary membrane (DM), which, presumably, is related to the thickness and area of the pulmonary capillary wall, may be calculated from measurements of the pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) at several different capillary oxygen tensions. Their method makes possible the study in the intact human of a capillary bed which is of great physiological and clinical importance. We have previously studied (2) the behavior of this bed in mild exercise and during change in position. In the present study, we have infused a ganglionic blocking agent and norepinephrine during change of body position and have correlated the changes which occurred in V, and DM with available information on the cardiovascular effects of these procedures to explore the manner in which the pulmonary capillary bed is regulated.

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“…Tidal volume was measured in the plethysmograph prior to the TGV maneuver. Immediately afterward FRC was measured by a modification of the helium closed circuit rebreathing method of Lewis and others [12]. In this test a Neoprene rubber bag [17] of 25 or 50 cm 3 capacity was used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Gas Trapping in Premature Infants

Krauss

Auld

1971

Pediatr Res

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ExtractMeasurements of thoracic gas volume and functional residual capacity were performed serially from birth on 26 premature infants to determine the presence and time course of gas trapping. Nitrogen washouts were carried out on 16 of these infants and urinary-alveolar nitrogen gradients (uAD Nj ) were measured in 7. The infants were divided into two groups, those above and those below 1750 g birth weight.Trapped gas was documented in both groups, but in the smaller infants the condition persisted for a longer time. The mean thoracic gas volume (TGV) in infants over 1750 g birth weight was 2.0 ±0.7 ml/cm at birth, with a mean functional residual capacity (FRC) of 1.3 ± 0.4 ml/cm; by day 9, the TGV and FRC were 1.5 ± 0.3 and 1.2 ± 0.2 ml/cm, respectively. Infants under 1750 g birth weight had a mean TGV of 1.7 ± 0.2 ml/cm at birth with an FRC of 0.9 ± 0.2 ml/cm; by week 2 of life, mean TGV and FRC were 0.9 ± 0.2 and 0.8 ± 0.2 ml/cm, respectively. When gas trapping was present, nitrogen washouts and uAD N2 indicated that the lung was a single well ventilated space with no evidence of an abnormal distribution of ventilation. This indicated that ventilation of the trapped areas was so small that it could not be measured. The possibility that gas trapping is related to the presence of lung fluid and very compliant airways is considered. Speculation

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The Measurement of Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity for Carbon Monoxide by a Rebreathing Method*†

Cited by 77 publications

References 24 publications

One-sampling rebreathing method to measure diffusing capacity for CO.

One-sampling rebreathing method to measure diffusing capacity for CO.

The Effects of Body Position, Ganglionic Blockade and Norepinephrine on the Pulmonary Capillary Bed*†

Pulmonary Gas Trapping in Premature Infants

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