The Mechanics of Oblique Slip Faulting

Bott, M. H. P.

doi:10.1017/s0016756800059987

Cited by 1,054 publications

(516 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Numerical methods for paleostress tensor inversion are based on the assumption that measured striations and shear sense from many individual fault surfaces are a record of a single overall stress tensor responsible for slip on these surfaces. Resolved shear stress orientation on each fault surface is assumed to be parallel to the measured slip vector (Wallace 1951, Bott 1959. Given a large population of individual fault/striae measurements from any single outcrop, ideally with many conjugate sets of faults and some spread in fault orientations, inversion methods allow to search for the overall stress tensor which yields the best fit between theoretically predicted slip direc-Tab.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Neogene extension in the vicinity of the Simplon fault zone (central Alps, Switzerland)

Grosjean

Sue

Burkhard

2004

Eclogae geol. Helv.

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Brittle faults and kinematic indicators have been measured systematically below and above the major late alpine extensional Simplon fault in the vicinity of Simplonpass. Paleo-stress inversion has been conducted for a total of over 1200 fault measurements, from 62 sites. Minor faults in both hanging-and footwall of the Simplon fault define a coherent paleo-stress field with SW-NE oriented maximum horizontal extension and near vertical compression. The kinematics of these latest brittle deformations are in very good agreement with the ductile, slightly older deformations recorded within the Simplon fault mylonites (Mancktelow 1990). Paleo-stress orientations obtained from sets of the latest brittle faults are clearly different from the present day stress field as derived from earthquake focal plane mechanisms. The latter define a nearly N-S oriented maximum horizontal extension direction (Kastrup 2002), at a high angle to the downdip direction of the Simplon fault lineation. The present day stress orientation is ill orientatated for a reactivation of the Simplon fault and its associated minor fractures. ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEine systematische Analyse von Sprödbrüchen ober-und unterhalb der Simplonstörung wurde in der Gegend des Simplonpasses durchgeführt. Die Inversion von über 1200 Bruchmessungen an 62 Messstationen erlaubt die Interpolation eines regionalen Paläo-Stressfeldes. Die gemessenen Sekundärbrüche sind weitgehend mit einem regional kohärenten Stresstensor zu erklären der eine SW-NE orientierte Streckung und eine nahezu senkrechte Kompression aufweist. Kinematisch passen diese späten Brüche sehr gut mit der etwas älte-ren, sehr intensiven plastischen Deformation der Mylonite entlang der Simplon Scherzone zusammen (Mancktelow 1990). Die Orientierung der Paläo-Stressachsen ist deutlich verschieden von der heute beobachteten Stressorientierung. Erdbeben-Herdflächenlösungen ergeben eine N-S orientierte Streckungsrichtung (Kastrup 2002), in einem grossen Winkel zur Lineation der Simplonstörung. Die heutige Stressorientierung ist demenstsprechend ungeeignet, um die Simplonstörung und die sie begleitenden Sekundärbrüche zu reaktivieren.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Neogene extension in the vicinity of the Simplon fault zone (central Alps, Switzerland)

Grosjean

Sue

Burkhard

2004

Eclogae geol. Helv.

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“…A typ i cal ap proach to the re con struc tion of the palaeostress field is the in verse method, which is based on the as sump tion that the fault move ment is gen er ated in the di rec tion of max imum shear ing stress (Wallace, 1951;Bott, 1959). The in verse prob lem con sists of de ter min ing the mean stress ten sor, knowing the ori en ta tion and sense of slip on nu mer ous faults.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stepwise clockwise rotation of the Cenozoic stress field in the Western Carpathians as revealed by kinematic analysis of minor faults in the Manín Unit (western Slovakia)

Šimonová

Plašienka²

2017

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1 Matej Bel Uni ver sity, De part ment of Ge og ra phy and Ge ol ogy, Fac ulty of Nat u ral Sci ences, Tajovského This study aims at quan ti ta tive ki ne matic anal y sis of fault-slip data and palaeostress re con struc tion of polyphase brit tle struc tures de vel oped in the Manín Unit crop ping out in the Mid dle Váh River Val ley of west ern Slovakia. The Manín Unit neigh bours the Pieniny Klippen Belt that fol lows the bound ary be tween the Paleogene accretionary wedge of the Outer Carpathians and the Cre ta ceous nappe sys tem of the Cen tral West ern Carpathians. Af ter the nappe em place ment dur ing mid-Cre ta ceous times, the Manín Unit was in cor po rated into the Pieniny Klippen Belt and at tained its com plex tec tonic style. Based on ki ne matic anal y sis of meso-scale faults with slick en sides, six (D 1 -D 6 ) brit tle de for ma tion stages have been discerned. The rel a tive suc ces sion of in di vid ual palaeostress states was de rived from field struc tural re la tion ships; their stratigraphic age was es ti mated pri mar ily by com par i son with other pub lished data. Palaeostress anal y sis in the Manín Unit re vealed the ex is tence of six dif fer ent palaeostress fields act ing from the Middle Eocene to the Qua ter nary. The first three gen er a tions of meso-scale brit tle struc tures were formed un der a transpressional tec tonic re gime dur ing the pre-Late Eocene-Early Mio cene D 1 -D 3 de for ma tion. Gen er ally, the max i mum hor i zon tal stress axis ro tated clock wise from a W-E to an ap prox i mately N-S di rec tion. There af ter, a transtensional tec tonic re gime was char ac ter ized by a WNW-ESE to NNW-SSE ori ented min i mum hor i zon tal stress axis dur ing Middle and Late Mio cene D 4 -D 5 de for ma tion. A gen eral extensional tec tonic re gime in flu enced the struc tural evo lu tion of the area in the Plio cene to Qua ter nary, when a grad ual reori en ta tion of the palaeostress field re sulted in the de vel op ment of vari able, of ten re ac ti vated, fault struc tures.

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“…Bott (1959) has shown that the direction of resolved shear stress is determined by the ratio of the principal stress di erences, f,…”

Section: Graphical Construction For the Shear Stress Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current attempts to use lineated fault planes as data for palaeostress reconstructions have aroused renewed interest in the theoretical relationship, derived by Wallace (1951) and Bott (1959), between the stress tensor and the direction of maximum resolved shear stress on planes of given orientation. In particular several graphical techniques have been devised for ®nding the shear stress direction (Lisle, 1989;Means, 1989;DePaor, 1990;Ragan, 1990;Fry, 1992;Fleischmann, 1992;Ritz, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple graphical constructions for the direction of shear

Lisle

1998

Journal of Structural Geology

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The Mechanics of Oblique Slip Faulting

Cited by 1,054 publications

References 3 publications

Late Neogene extension in the vicinity of the Simplon fault zone (central Alps, Switzerland)

Late Neogene extension in the vicinity of the Simplon fault zone (central Alps, Switzerland)

Stepwise clockwise rotation of the Cenozoic stress field in the Western Carpathians as revealed by kinematic analysis of minor faults in the Manín Unit (western Slovakia)

Simple graphical constructions for the direction of shear

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