The mechanism of hindering occupants’ evacuation from seismic responses of building

Xiao, Mei-Ling; Zhang, Yao; Zhu, Hehua

doi:10.1007/s11069-018-3563-x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We compare pedestrians' evacuation time and trajectory of our proposed model with the FSFM and the modified social force model (MSTM) proposed in the study, 17 simulated in the same scenario with 50 people and a PGA of 0.3 g. As illustrated in Figure 6, the evacuation times for the FSFM and MSFM are 8 s apart, thus indicating that the seismic force impedes pedestrian evacuation and that the FSFM is inapplicable to the seismic scenario. As the MSFM assumes that when the seismic force exceeds the desired force, it will affect pedestrians' states of movement, and its trajectory (see Figure 7b) has more jitter than the FSFM's trajectory (see Figure 7a).…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They mimic pedestrian swarming behavior, whereas outliers approach groups within their field of view. Xiao et al 16,17 argued that on a physical level, seismic acceleration affects pedestrians' motion properties and that pedestrians can only move when the combined forces in the social force model overcome the seismic force. He 18 used probability to estimate the damage to nonstructural components within a building to simulate pedestrians' seismic evacuation in a multi-story building.…”

Section: Seismic Evacuation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismic evacuation simulation in a dynamic indoor environment

Chu

Liu

et al. 2022

Computer Animation & Virtual

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During an earthquake, interior nonstructural components of a building will be damaged. The damaged objects will obstruct pedestrians' evacuation routes and increase casualties. But this issue has received scant attention in evacuation simulation research. This paper focuses on this issue and proposes an indoor seismic evacuation model to simulate crowd evacuation in a dynamic environment.A physical model of nonstructural components is presented to simulate the dynamics of the indoor scenario. The flow field algorithm is constructed to guide pedestrian's avoidance behaviors globally to reflect the impact of environmental changes on indoor crowd path selection, and a modified social force model is built to simulate the joint influence of seismic forces and the environment on pedestrian motion states. The results of the experiments shows that the proposed model can generate realistic evacuation scene and rational evacuation routes in the earthquake.

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Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seismic Evacuation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic evacuation simulation in a dynamic indoor environment

Chu

Liu

et al. 2022

Computer Animation & Virtual

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Meanwhile, the social force simulation model is for simulation in continuous space, and it is also able to model the size of each agent. A few examples of the social force model to study the evacuation process are for example the model by Chen et al 24 where the authors studied the impact of intersecting angles during evacuation using a social force model, 25 presented a mechanism using a social force model to study agents’ responses during building evacuation caused by seismic event, while 26 presented the impact of information transmission during evacuation process using a social force model. Even though social force can be used to study different aspects of evacuation process and modeling agents’ behavior, the underlying presumption that all of the agents have the same properties might be improbable 27 since a crowd is commonly composed of diverse types of individuals.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of crowd behavior and cooperation strategies during evacuation

et al. 2022

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Crowd dynamics have constituted a hotspot of research in recent times, particularly in areas where developmental progress has taken place in crowd evacuation for ensuring human safety. In high-density crowd events which happen frequently, panic or an emergency can lead to an increase in congestion which may cause disastrous incidents. Crowd control planning via simulation of people’s movement and behavior can promote safe departures from a space, despite threatening circumstances. Up until now, the evolution of distinctive types of crowd behavior towards cooperative flow remains unexplored. Hence, in this paper, we investigate the impact of potential crowd behavior, namely best-response, risk-seeking, risk-averse, and risk-neutral agents in achieving cooperation during evacuation and its connection with evacuation time using a game-theoretic evacuation simulation model. We analyze the crowd evacuation of a rectangular room with either a single-door or multiple exits in a continuous space. Simulation results show that mutual cooperation during evacuation can be realized when the agents’ population is dominated by risk-averse agents. The results also demonstrate that the risk-seeking agents tend toward aggressiveness by opting for a defector strategy regardless of the local crowd densities, while other crowd behavior shows cooperation under high local crowd density.

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