The mechanism of proton-induced increase of cell wall extensibility

Soll, Hans-Jürgen; Böttger, Michael

doi:10.1016/0304-4211(82)90189-4

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Sodium probably displaces Ca> from the cell wall (24) and should allow for rapid expansion, yet under saline conditions at a low Ca> concentration (Fig. 5), cotton root growth was not stimulated but inhibited.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nakajima et al (21), however, showed that cell wall extension was inhibited by 50 mm CaCl2 and that this could be reversed by replacement with 50 mM MgCl2. Furthermore, Soll and Bottger (24) found that concentrations of NaCl or KCI between 100 and 1000 mm induced extension of coleoptile epidermal strips. These authors concluded that Ca> was involved in cell wall stiffening and that the exchange of Ca> from the cell wall caused cell wall loosening.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of NaCl and CaCl₂ on Ion Activities in Complex Nutrient Solutions and Root Growth of Cotton

Cramer¹,

Läuchli²,

Epstein³

1986

Plant Physiol.

206

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Sodium displaces Ca2 from membranes (GR Cramer, A Liiuchli, VS Polito Plant Physiol 1985 79: 207-211) and this can be related to the (Ca2`)/(Na')2 activity ratio in the external solution (GR Cramer, A Lauchli 1986 J Exp Bot 37: 321-330). Supplemental Ca2" is known to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity on plant growth. In this report we investigated the effects of NaCl (0-250 millimolar) and Ca2" (0.4 and 10 millimolar) on the ion activities in solution and on root growth of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Ion activities were analyzed using the computer program, GEOCHEM. Most ion activities in a 0.1 modified Hoagland solution were significantly reduced by both NaCl and supplemental Ca2".Ion-pair formation and precipitation were significant for some ions, especially phosphate. Root growth of 6-day-old seedlings was stimulated by low NaCl concentrations (25 millimolar). At higher NaCl concentrations, root growth was inhibited; the concentration at which this occurred depended on the Ca2" concentration and the growth index used. Supplemental Ca2" mitigated the inhibition of root growth caused by NaCl.There was a curvilinear relationship between root growth and the (Ca2")/ (Na+)2 ratio in the nutrient solution. The mechanisms by which Na+ and Ca2 may affect root growth are discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODSAnalysis of Ion Activities in Nutrient Solutions. Ion activities in the nutrient solutions were calculated using the computer program, GEOCHEM (25). The rationale for the use of this program has been described previously (7). Briefly, the program calculates ion activities by a method of successive approximations, taking into consideration ion-pair formation and precipitation.Plant Growth Conditions. Cotton seeds (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv Acala SJ-2) were planted in germination paper 'sandwiches' (16). The sandwiches were inserted into slots of plastic racks which were placed in aerated treatment solutions in 3.7 L plastic containers for continual wetting of the germination paper. The tops ofthe containers were covered with BM and T multipurpose plastic wrap to minimize evaporation from the germination paper and salt accumulation. The control solution consisted of a 0.1 modified Hoagland solution (16) containing 0.4 mM Ca", with a pH of 6.5. Treatments of NaCl (0-250 mm final concentration), NaCl and supplemental Ca2" (9.6 mM CaC12 to make a 10 mm final Ca2+ concentration), or KCI (50 mM final concentration) were added to the control solution. The temperature of the nutrient solution was maintained at 27°C using a Lauda K-2/RD constant-temperature circulator. When the cotyledons emerged, the plants were irradiated with incandescent lighting (400 ,umol m-2 s-'; 15:9 h day:night cycle). Plants were harvested 6 d after the start of seed imbibition. Root growth was measured as length, fresh weight, and dry weight at harvest time.Salt stress may reduce plant growth by water deficits, ion toxicity, ion imbalance, or a combination of any ofthese factors. Cotton is one ofthe most salt-tolerant crops species (1...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of NaCl and CaCl₂ on Ion Activities in Complex Nutrient Solutions and Root Growth of Cotton

Cramer¹,

Läuchli²,

Epstein³

1986

Plant Physiol.

206

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“…In other words, the equilibrium pH measured will be a mean equilibrium pH of all cells in the assay. Since only some cells are affected, and since only the extensibility in the outer epidermis is relevant for growth control (14,15,24), this will cause another systematic overestimation of the pH in the outer epidermal wall if it (Fig. 7A).…”

Section: Timing Of Auxin-and Fc-lnduced Proton Extrusion and Growth Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pretreatment in buffers was recently suspected to cause artifacts when the acid-induced growth is going to be investigated (21). (c) It has to be taken into account that the sensitivity to auxin is different in epidermis and inner tissue (14,15,24,26). This complicates the interpretation of pH drops and their correlation with growth response.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reexamination of the Acid Growth Theory of Auxin Action

Lüthen¹,

Bigdon²,

Böttger³

1990

Plant Physiol.

116

100

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Some crucial arguments against the acid growth theory of auxin action (U Kutschera, P Schopfer [1985] Planta 163: 483-493) have been reinvestigated by simultaneous measurements of proton fluxes and growth of maize (Zea mays L.) coleoptiles. Special care was taken to obtain a mild, effective, and reproducible abrasion of the cuticle. Proton secretion rates were determined in a computer-controlled pH-stat. In some experiments, equilibrium pH was measured. Growth rates were determined simultaneously in the same vessel using a transducer-type auxanometer. It was found that (a) the timing of auxin and fusicoccin-induced (FC) proton secretion and growth matches well, (b) the equilibrum external pHs in the presence of IAA and FC are lower than previously recorded and below the so-called 'threshold-pH,' (c) neutral or alkaline unbuffered solutions partially inhibit FC and IAA-induced growth in a similar manner, (d) the action of pH, FC, and IAA on growth are not additive. It is concluded that the acidgrowth-theory correctly describes incidents taking place in the early phases of auxin-induced growth.

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“…Le rapport Na+/Ca 2+ semble également être un dé-terminant important du comportement des plantes (Cramer et al, 1986). Au niveau des racines, Na+ déplace Ca 2+ des parois cellulaires (Soll et Bottger, 1982). Dans (Stassart et al, 1981).…”

unclassified

Recherche de facteurs limitant la nutrition minérale de l'orge en milieu salé

Soltani¹,

Hajji²,

Grignon³

1990

Agronomie

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The mechanism of proton-induced increase of cell wall extensibility

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of NaCl and CaCl₂ on Ion Activities in Complex Nutrient Solutions and Root Growth of Cotton

Effects of NaCl and CaCl₂ on Ion Activities in Complex Nutrient Solutions and Root Growth of Cotton

Reexamination of the Acid Growth Theory of Auxin Action

Recherche de facteurs limitant la nutrition minérale de l'orge en milieu salé

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The mechanism of proton-induced increase of cell wall extensibility

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of NaCl and CaCl2 on Ion Activities in Complex Nutrient Solutions and Root Growth of Cotton

Effects of NaCl and CaCl2 on Ion Activities in Complex Nutrient Solutions and Root Growth of Cotton

Reexamination of the Acid Growth Theory of Auxin Action

Recherche de facteurs limitant la nutrition minérale de l'orge en milieu salé

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Effects of NaCl and CaCl₂ on Ion Activities in Complex Nutrient Solutions and Root Growth of Cotton

Effects of NaCl and CaCl₂ on Ion Activities in Complex Nutrient Solutions and Root Growth of Cotton