The mediation effect of personality functioning between different types of child maltreatment and the development of depression/anxiety symptoms – A German representative study

Freier, Anna; Kruse, Johannes; Schmalbach, Bjarne; Zara, Sandra; Werner, Samuel; Brähler, Elmar; Fegert, Jörg M.; Kampling, Hanna

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.020

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The close association between ACEs and the development of PTSD and cPTSD during adolescence or in adulthood emphasizes the importance of broadening our understanding of the underlying pathways through which ACEs and mental health issues are linked. Research focusing on ACEs and how they increase the risk for adult psychopathology proposed various potential mechanisms including brain structure and function, epigenetic processes, gene expression to neuroendocrine, immune and neurotransmitter systems, as well as social cognition (25)(26)(27). Another focus has been on personality development which has gained much interest in recent empirical research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epistemic trust and personality functioning mediate the association between adverse childhood experiences and posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder in adulthood

et al. 2022

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BackgroundAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with posttraumatic and complex posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adulthood (PTSD/cPTSD), as well as reduced epistemic trust (trust in the authenticity and personal relevance of interpersonally transmitted information) and impaired personality functioning. The present work aims to investigate the predictive value of epistemic trust—the capacity for social learning—on the mediating effect of personality functioning in the association of ACEs and PTSD/cPTSD.MethodsWe conducted structural equation modeling (SEM) based on representative data of the German population (N = 2,004). Personality functioning (OPD-SQS) was applied as a mediator between ACEs and PTSD/cPTSD (ITQ), while epistemic trust (ETMCQ) was added as predictor for OPD-SQS. TLI, CFI, and RMSEA (95%-CI) determined the models’ fit.ResultsN = 477 (23.8%) participants reported at least one ACE and n = 218 (10.9%) reported ≥4 ACEs. Fit indices were good for both PTSD (TLI = 0.96; CFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.06; 95%CI: 0.041–0.078) and cPTSD (TLI = 0.96; CFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.06; 95%CI: 0.043–0.081). ACEs were significantly associated with cPTSD (β = 0.44, p < 0.001) and PTSD (β = 0.29, p < 0.001), explaining 20 and 8% of its variance. Adding personality functioning as a mediator increased the explained variance of cPTSD and PTSD to 47 and 19% while the direct association between ACEs and cPTSD/PTSD decreased (β = 0.21/β = 0.17), thus, indicating a partial mediation. Including epistemic trust substantially increased the explained variance for personality functioning (41%) compared to ACEs as a single predictor (16%).ConclusionWe add to previous research emphasizing the association between ACEs and PTSD/cPTSD symptoms. Offering insights on underlying mechanisms, we show that epistemic trust and personality functioning are relevant mediators. Since both are modifiable by psychotherapy, knowledge about the role of these constructs can inform research on psychotherapeutic interventions and prevention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epistemic trust and personality functioning mediate the association between adverse childhood experiences and posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder in adulthood

et al. 2022

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“…In accordance with prior analyses, supplementary analyses were conducted in R (Version 4.0.2; [10] ). Descriptive statistics of the relationship between CM subtypes and personality functioning on which the ANOVAs were based, can be found in the original research article [1] . First, ANOVAs for each CM subscale were calculated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For multi-person households, one person was randomly selected by means of the Kish selection grid technique. n = 2324 participants were excluded for different reasons (e.g., they refused to take part, were not at home or on vacation, due to illness; for more details see [1] ). A total of N = 2510 participants were interviewed successfully.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 shows the ANOVA and t -test results of the relationship between personality functioning and the severity degrees of the different subtypes of CM; the descriptive statistics and the bar graphs of this relationship are presented in the original article [1] . Most of the differences between the severity degrees of the different CM subtypes were significant.…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… This article provides supplementary data for the original research article ‘The Mediation Effect of Personality Functioning Between Different Types of Child Maltreatment and the Development of Depression/Anxiety Symptoms – a German Representative Study’ [1] . The representative data were acquired as part of a broader survey on different aspects of mental health in the German population.…”

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Supplementary data for the mediation effect of personality functioning – Gender differences, separate analyses of depression and anxiety symptoms and inferential statistics of the relationship between personality functioning and different types of child maltreatment

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Exploring the associations between psychodynamic constructs and psychopathology: A network approach

Vierl

Juen

Benecke

et al. 2022

Personality & Mental Health

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Psychodynamic therapy effectively reduces symptomatology by focusing on underlying (unconscious) processes instead of symptoms. Nevertheless, the exact interrelationship between psychodynamic constructs and psychopathology remains unclear. This study uses network analysis to explore these associations. We computed a cross‐sectional partial correlation network between psychodynamic constructs (i.e., personality functioning, interpersonal relations, and active and passive modes of intrapsychic conflicts according to the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics [OPD] system) and psychopathology (i.e., depression and somatization) in a naturalistic sample of 341 adults registering for psychodynamic outpatient therapy. We estimated node centrality, node predictability, and bridge symptoms and used community detection analysis. Bootstrap methods were applied to assess network stability. Psychodynamic constructs and psychopathology resulted in separate but connected clusters. Personality functioning emerged as the most influential node in the network and was bridging the clusters. The network was found to be highly stable, allowing reliable interpretations. The results offer important insights on how psychodynamic constructs relate to psychopathology, which can be used to inform treatment approaches. The findings suggest that personality functioning may be an important intervention target. However, future research is needed to include a broader range of diagnoses. In addition, longitudinal studies may clarify the direction of causality.

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The mediation effect of personality functioning between different types of child maltreatment and the development of depression/anxiety symptoms – A German representative study

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Epistemic trust and personality functioning mediate the association between adverse childhood experiences and posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder in adulthood

Epistemic trust and personality functioning mediate the association between adverse childhood experiences and posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder in adulthood

Supplementary data for the mediation effect of personality functioning – Gender differences, separate analyses of depression and anxiety symptoms and inferential statistics of the relationship between personality functioning and different types of child maltreatment

Exploring the associations between psychodynamic constructs and psychopathology: A network approach

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