The Medicinal Plant of Genus Paronychia and the Karyotype Analysis of Paronychia adalia

Abstract

Abstract:The genus Paronychia Miller is placed in the family Caryophyllaceae. It contains approximately 110 species of annual or perennial found all over the world except Southern Africa, Southeast Asia. Genus Paronychia is known as Algerian tea in the world. In our country, the genus commonly known as et yaran, kepek otu and dolama otu is used as medicinal tea because of relieving inflammation between the hands and toes, aphrodisiac, diuretic and blood purifier. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the genus are known. The chromosome number is 2n = 36 in many species of Paronychia. But there are various chromosome numbers as 2n = 10, 14, 16, 18 and 28. In this study, the chromosome number of P. adalia Chaudhri was reported for the first time. The chromosome number and karyotype formula are 2n = 2x = 36 = 34m + 2sm. Total haploid length, centromeric index and karyotype asymmetry were calculated with detailed chromosomal measurements.

Karyotypic phylogeny and polyploidy variations of Paronychia (Caryophyllaceae) taxa in Turkey

“…indicate high polyploidy (8x). Three species are both diploid and polyploid (Lorenzo Andreu and García Sanz, 1950;Blackburn and Morton, 1957;Fedorov, 1974;Löve, 1975;Diosdado and Pastor, 1994;Runemark, 1996;Eroğlu et al, 2017). In Paronychia, the chromosomal reports are generally based on basic/diploid chromosome number without detailed chromosomal data.…”

Karyotype Analysis of Paronychia anatolica subsp. anatolica (Caryophyllaceae, Paronychioideae)

“…; x = 9 with ploidy levels of 4x, 6x, 8x in many species; x = 13 with ploidy levels of 4x, 8x in P. chionaea Boiss subsp. kemaliya Chaudhri (Lorenzo Andreu and García Sanz, 1950; Blackburn and Morton, 1957; Löve, 1975; Küpfer, 1980;Diosdado and Pastor, 1994;Runemark, 1996;Eroğlu et al, 2017;Eroğlu et al, 2020).…”

“…The values of the Stebbins classification, CVCL, and MCA are 1A, 12.13, and 10.53, respectively. In literature, P. adalia has a symmetrical karyotype (Eroğlu et al, 2017); unlike, P. argentea and P. echinulata have more asymmetric karyotypes by several subtelocentric chromosomes (Diosdado and Pastor, 1994). In the most comprehensive study, 16 karyotypes are symmetrical (Eroğlu et al, 2020).…”

“…is a perennial herb with flowers white; stems much branched at the base, decumbent to ascending, 5-10 cm length; base diameter 3-6 mm (Figure 1). The species is endemic to Turkey and grows at rocky-stone areas and forest openings in 980-1500 m. Vernacular names are "etyaran" or "ana etyaran" (Eroğlu et al, 2017). Within Paronychia, the basic chromosome numbers are x = 5, 7, 8, 13 and more common x = 9 (Eroğlu et al, 2020).…”

“…Turkey together with Peru-Bolivia and America are one of the most important distribution centers of Paronychia species (Bittrich, 1993). The flora of Turkey currently includes 29 species and 12 subspecies and varieties with 16 endemic taxa in genus Paronychia (Chaudhri, 1967(Chaudhri, , 1968Eroğlu et al, 2017;Eroğlu et al, 2020).…”