The metabolic basis of Candida albicans morphogenesis and quorum sensing

Han, Ting‐Li; Cannon, Richard D.; Villas‐Bôas, Silas G.

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2011.04.002

Cited by 152 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 248 publications

(243 reference statements)

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“…The signals that induce phase transitions and the mechanisms by which the organisms reprogram themselves are poorly understood in most species. Detailed molecular analyses have been performed in a limited number of species (for reviews, see Han et al, 2011;Gancedo, 2001) and revealed considerable diversity. In a recent bioinformatics analysis (Nagy et al, 2014), we found that the diversification of Zn-cluster transcription factors may play an important role in the yeast-filamentous transitions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Metahyphopichia laotica gen. nov., sp. nov., a polymorphic yeast related to Hyphopichia

Sipiczki

Pfliegler

Safar

et al. 2016

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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Four strains alternating between yeast and filamentous growth morphologies were isolated from flowers in two regions of Laos. In liquid environment the isolates propagated by budding and developed irregularly shaped pseudohyphae. On solid media, their yeast cells switched to hyphal growth which could return to the yeast phase by developing lateral blastoconidia. The sequences of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) 26S rRNA genes, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the small subunit (SSU) 18S rRNA genes were identical in the four strains and differed from the corresponding sequences of other yeast species available in databases by at least 11 % (D1/D2), 13 % (ITS) and 7 % (SSU). In an independent project, two strains with D1/D2 and ITS sequences very similar to those of the Laotian strains were found in bark samples collected in Brazil. The six strains also differed from the closest yeast species in physiological properties, indicating that they represented a hitherto undescribed species. Phylogenetic analysis of the D1/D2 sequences, and the concatenated sequences of the SSU rRNA genes, D1/D2 domains of LSU rRNA genes as well as the protein-encoding genes ACT1 and TEF1 placed thestrains close to Hyphopichia. To reflect this position, the novel genus name Metahyphopichia gen. nov. and the novel species name Metahyphopichia laotica gen. nov., sp.

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confidence: 99%

Metahyphopichia laotica gen. nov., sp. nov., a polymorphic yeast related to Hyphopichia

Sipiczki

Pfliegler

Safar

et al. 2016

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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“…In the microscopical study, when the wild type strains were used serum accelerates the morphological switch which as was recently reviewed [22] is induced by PKA signalling pathway and EFG1. Lo et al [5] and Znaidi et al [37] showed that strains lacking Efg1 or/ and Cph1 are defective in efficient hyphae formation and the cph1/cph1 efg1/efg1 double mutant is unable to fully undergo morphogenesis even under hyphae inducing conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16], which suggests altered profiles of SAP4-6 expression in strains deficient in hyphae formation [3]. Candida albicans morphogenesis is controlled by transcriptional factors CPH1 activated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway as well as EFG1 activated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) pathway [21,22]. Moreover, it was described that although EFG1 responds to serum, and on the other hand CPH1 responds to starvation and GlcNAc, both regulate SAP activity as well as fungal filamentation [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression of the Candida albicans gene SAP4 during hyphal formation in human serum and in adhesion to monolayer cell culture of colorectal carcinoma Caco-2 (ATCC)

et al. 2014

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Candida albicans SAP4 gene encodes secretory aspartyl protease Sap4 which is involved in hyphae formation and virulence. Transcriptional factors Cph1 and Efg1 govern the expression of several C. albicans genes and contribute to morphogenesis. We investigated the expression of SAP4 in C. albicans clinical isolate and mutants lacking Efg1 or/ and Cph1 grown in human serum and during contact with Caco-2 cell line. mRNA was analyzed with the use of RT-PCR; relative quantification was normalized against an ACT1 in cells after 18-h growth either in serum or on monolayer as well as in their counterparts in YEPD medium. We assessed the role of Sap4, Efg1 and Cph1 in adhesion of C. albicans to epithelial cells. Additionally, adherence assay was performed with sap4/sap4. Adhesion was expressed as a percent of adherent cells to monolayer at 90 min vs. total cells added (100%). No differences were observed in adhesion of efg1/efg1 and sap4/sap4 compared with SC5314 (P≥0.05 statisitically insignificant). SAP4 expression indicated that it is not involved in adapting to the tested conditions. SAP4 expression can be strainspecific and is not solely controlled by the Efg1 pathway but also by the Cph1 pathway. Neither Efg1 nor Sap4 can influence adhesion.

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“…Its yeast (Y) form may disseminate in the bloodstream and also in other body cavities [6]. Y → H/PH morphological transitions are important virulence factors, which play very important roles in colonization of the human body by C. albicans [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Y → H/PH switches are induced by temperatures between 35°C and 42°C [8,9], blood serum [10], hemoglobin at 1 mg/ml concentration (approximately 15.5 μM with 62 μM heme content; [11]), hemin (protoporphyrin IX with ferric ion or oxidized heme, which is released from hemoglobin; [12]) at 5-100 μg/ml (equals to 7.7-153.4 μM; [13]) or at 50 μM (equals to 32.6 μg/ml) concentrations [14], CO 2 [15,16], hypoxia + high CO 2 level [17], alkaline pH [15,18], the available carbon sources [8], and nitrogen starvation [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hemin, CO2, and pH on the branching of Candida albicans filamentous forms

Jakab

Antal

Emri

et al. 2016

Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica

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Morphological transitions of wild-type and oxidative stress-tolerant Candida albicans strains were followed in the RPMI-FBS culture medium at pH values and CO 2 levels characteristic for the anatomical niches inhabited by this opportunistic human pathogen fungus, including the oral cavity as well as the intestinal and vaginal lumens. Selected cultures were also supplemented with hemin modeling bleedings. Germination as well as elongation and branching of hyphae were monitored in the cultures using time-lapse video microscopy. Unexpectedly, branching time, which is defined as the time taken until the first branch of hypha emerges for the first time after germination, correlated well with alterations in the environmental conditions meanwhile no such correlations were found for germination time (time lasted until the *Corresponding author; E-mail: pocsi.istvan@science.unideb.hu : 10.1556/030.63.2016.023 First published online December 8, 2016 1217-8950/$ 20.00 © 2016 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest appearance of the germination tube). Based on these observations, hypotheses were set up to estimate the significance of branching time in the pathogenesis of both superficial and systemic candidiases.Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica 63 (4), pp. 387-403 (2016) DOI

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The metabolic basis of Candida albicans morphogenesis and quorum sensing

Cited by 152 publications

References 248 publications

Metahyphopichia laotica gen. nov., sp. nov., a polymorphic yeast related to Hyphopichia

Metahyphopichia laotica gen. nov., sp. nov., a polymorphic yeast related to Hyphopichia

The expression of the Candida albicans gene SAP4 during hyphal formation in human serum and in adhesion to monolayer cell culture of colorectal carcinoma Caco-2 (ATCC)

Effects of hemin, CO2, and pH on the branching of Candida albicans filamentous forms

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