The Metabolic Syndrome and Development of Cognitive Impairment Among Older Women

Yaffe, Kristine; Weston, Andrea; Blackwell, Terri; Krueger, Kathryn A.

doi:10.1001/archneurol.2008.566

Cited by 186 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] A particularly notable aspect of the present study is that MetS-related differences in BOLD response to a demanding cognitive challenge were detected in participants without clinically significant cognitive dysfunction. As evidenced by the widely used exercise stress test, dysfunction in physiologic systems is more likely to manifest when the system is stressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…8 Growing evidence suggests that MetS is also harmful to cognition and that the cluster may have predictive value for cognitive decline over and above that of its individual components. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Older patients with MetS score lower on cognitive tests than agematched healthy adults, particularly on measures of processing speed and executive functioning, 17 cognitive domains that are associated with vascular cognitive impairment. Several studies have shown that middle-aged individuals with MetS are at higher risk of developing dementia in late life, 18 yet accurate prediction of individual cognitive trajectories is difficult due to the low sensitivity of paper-and-pencil screening tests to subtle changes in intellectual functioning.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Functional MR Imaging Evidence of Altered Functional Activation in Metabolic Syndrome

Hoth¹,

Gonzales²,

Tarumi³

et al. 2010

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:MetS is a cluster of risk factors associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and diminished cognitive function. Given that little is known about the early signs of brain vulnerability related to persistent metabolic dysfunction, we set out to determine whether cognitively healthy middle-aged individuals with MetS exhibit an altered cerebrovascular response to a cognitive challenge relative to those without MetS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty neurologically healthy adults aged 40 -60 years (19 with MetS and 21 healthy controls) performed a 2-back verbal working memory task during fMRI. We compared BOLD responses between the 2 groups in 8 a priori regions of interest previously shown to be associated with the 2-back in patients with cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional MR Imaging Evidence of Altered Functional Activation in Metabolic Syndrome

Hoth¹,

Gonzales²,

Tarumi³

et al. 2010

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We also observed that some variants of estrogen receptors can increase the risk of decline in psychomotor speed (Ryan et al, 2013). The reason for the greater cognitive decline in the women who had never used HT and with higher HDL-C levels remains to be clarified but could involve genetic vulnerability related to HDL-C (Voight et al, 2012) as well as estrogen receptors or metabolizing enzymes which could modulate the response of HDL-C to hormonal treatment (Herrington et al, Only two prospective studies on metabolic syndrome have examined cognitive decline in women specifically, finding no significant association between low HDL-C or high TG and decline on global cognitive performance (Komulainen et al, 2007;Yaffe et al, 2009). Solomon et al reported a bidirectional relationship between cholesterol and poor cognitive status in a sample of 63% women; high midlife T-C but decreasing T-C after midlife being associated with poorer late-life cognition (Solomon et al, 2007;Solomon et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-specific associations between lipids and cognitive decline in the elderly

Ancelin

Ripoche

Dupuy

et al. 2014

European Neuropsychopharmacology

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The aim of this study was to examine the associations between serum lipid levels and cognitive function in a community-based sample of non-demented subjects aged 65 years and over.Participants were 2737 men and 4118 women from a population-based cohort recruited from three French cities. Visual memory, verbal fluency, psychomotor speed, and executive abilities were evaluated at baseline, and after 2, 4, and 7 years of follow-up. Lipid levels were evaluated at baseline. Multiadjusted Cox models stratified by gender were adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, mental and physical health, and genetic vulnerability to dyslipidemia (apolipoprotein E and A, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein) and taking into account baseline vascular pathologies. In men, a hypercholesterolemic pattern in late-life (high total cholesterol (T-C), low HDL-C, high LDL-C levels) was associated with a 25 to 50% increased risk of decline over 7 years in psychomotor speed, executive abilities, and verbal fluency. Specific associations with low T-C and low LDL-C levels were also observed which may depend on genetic vulnerability to dyslipidemia (related to apolipoprotein A5 and cholesteryl exchange transfer protein). In contrast, in women, a 30% higher rate of decline was found in psychomotor speed with high HDL-C levels and in executive abilities with low levels of LDL-C and triglycerides, in interaction with hormonal treatment. For men and women, vascular pathologies only slightly outweighed the risk related to lipids. This suggests a complex gender-specific pattern of cognitive decline involving genetic vulnerability in men and hormonal status in women.

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“…However, depressive symptoms are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline. Although there is evidence that depression predisposes cognitive decline, the causal relationship between them may be considerably more complex [24,25]. Second, 68 older adults (female: 25, male: 43) died before the follow-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Syndrome Predicts Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Elderly People: A 10-Year Cohort Study

Chang¹,

Yen²

2018

Neuropsychiatry

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Background:Cognitive function has been reported to predict subsequent disability and mortality in elderly people. This study aimed to explore whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) resulted in cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly people or not, accounting for depression and other risk factors during a long-term follow-up period. Methods and Findings:A community-based cohort of 300 older adults was followed up for 10 years. Relationships among MetS, depressive symptoms, and consequent cognitive dysfunction were explored using a logistic regression. The presence of MetS at the baseline visit was associated with a 2.7-fold increase in the risk of cognitive decline after 10 years, and depressive symptoms were associated with a 2.4-fold increase in the risk of cognitive decline in the community-dwelling elderly people. Conclusions:The long-term outcomes of MetS are associated with a significantly increased risk of cognitive decline among community-dwelling elderly people.

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The Metabolic Syndrome and Development of Cognitive Impairment Among Older Women

Cited by 186 publications

References 37 publications

Functional MR Imaging Evidence of Altered Functional Activation in Metabolic Syndrome

Functional MR Imaging Evidence of Altered Functional Activation in Metabolic Syndrome

Gender-specific associations between lipids and cognitive decline in the elderly

Metabolic Syndrome Predicts Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Elderly People: A 10-Year Cohort Study

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