The Method of Coating Fe3O4 with Carbon Nanoparticles to Modify Biological Properties of Oxide Measured in Vitro

Abstract

The coating of nanoparticles on materials for medical application [e.g., the coating of Fe3O4 nanopowder (IONP) with a carbon nanolayer] serves to protect and modify the selected biological, physical, and chemical properties of the coated material. Increases in chemical stability, changes in biocompatibility, and a modified surface structure are examples of the effects caused by the formation of carbon coatings. In the current study, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with a carbon nanolayer (IONP@C) in a plasmochemical reactor (using radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition methods) under various experimental conditions. Based on data from X-ray diffraction, Raman, and IR spectroscopy, the best processing parameters were determined in order to produce a carbon coating that would not change the structure of the IONP. The materials with the best cover, i.e., a uniform carbon nanolayer, were used in cytotoxic tests to investigate their biological properties using the human HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cell line and chicken embryo red blood cells as an in vitro model. The obtained results proved the low cytotoxicity of Fe3O4 micropowder and IONP in contrast to IONP@C, which reduced cell viability, increased hemolysis, and generally was more toxic than bare Fe3O4.

Graphene‐grafted silica‐coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a magnetic solid‐phase extraction material coupled with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy for the separation and analysis of heavy metal ions

“…In the MSPE procedure, magnetic adsorbent plays a vital role. Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 MNPs) were advocated as adsorbent for the first time in 1973 , which have been used because of its well‐known superior properties such as good biocompatibility, low toxicity, low cost and easy preparation . However, Fe 3 O 4 MNPs are easy to reunite and oxidation, contain small amount of hydroxyl group on its surface, which lead to the modification of the magnetic material surfaces .…”