The Method of the Working Fluid Selection for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Systems Employing Volumetric Expanders

Kolasiński, Piotr

doi:10.3390/en13030573

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This condition is the characteristic of TFC compared to ORC. Concerning the expansion process in two-phase, a screw expander or another volumetric-type expander would be recommended to be used [13][14][15].…”

Section: Simple Organic Rankine Cycle and Trilateral Flash Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Energy Utilization in LNG Regasification System Using Organic Rankine Cycle and Trilateral Flash Cycle

Daniarta

Imre

2020

Period. Polytech. Mech. Eng.

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"Cold energy" refers to a potential to generate power by utilizing the exergy of cryogenic systems, like Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), using it as the cold side of a thermodynamic cycle, while the hot side can be even on the ambient temperature. For this purpose, the cryogenic Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is one type of promising solution with comprehensive benefits to generate electricity. The performance of this cycle depends on the applied working fluid. This paper focuses on the applicability of some natural working fluids and analyzes their performance upon cold energy utilization in the LNG regasification system. An alternative method, the cryogenic Trilateral Flash Cycle (TFC), is also presented here. The selection of working fluid is a multi-step process; the first step uses thermodynamic criteria, while the second one is addressing environmental and safety issues. It will be shown that in LNG regasification systems, single cryogenic ORC performs higher net output power and net efficiency compared to single cryogenic TFC. Propane as working fluid in the single cryogenic ORC generates the highest net output power and net efficiency. It is demonstrated, that concerning 26 novel LNG terminals, a net power output around 320 MW could be recovered from the cold energy by installing a simple cycle, namely a single-step cryogenic ORC unit using propane as working fluid.

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Section: Simple Organic Rankine Cycle and Trilateral Flash Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Energy Utilization in LNG Regasification System Using Organic Rankine Cycle and Trilateral Flash Cycle

Daniarta

Imre

2020

Period. Polytech. Mech. Eng.

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“…For the organic Rankine cycle, the selection of working fluid is crucial; it can affect not only the output (efficiency, power) but also the layout of the equipment used for the realization of the cycle [5,27]; this is especially true for the selection of the expander [28]. For some fluids, one may use only a basic layout of pump-evaporator-expander-condenser, while for other fluids, the use of extra parts, like a droplet separator, superheater, or recuperative heat exchanger may be necessary.…”

Section: Conclusion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of the Temperature–Entropy Diagrams of van der Waals Fluids

2020

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The shape of the temperature vs. specific entropy diagram of a working fluid is very important to understanding the behavior of fluid during the expansion phase of the organic Rankine cycle or similar processes. Traditional wet-dry-isentropic classifications of these materials are not sufficient; several materials remain unclassified or misclassified, while materials listed in the same class might show crucial differences. A novel classification, based on the characteristic points of the T–s diagrams was introduced recently, listing eight different classes. In this paper, we present a map of these classes for a model material, namely, the van der Waals fluid in reduced temperature (i.e., reduced molecular degree of freedom) space; the latter quantity is related to the molar isochoric specific heat. Although van der Waals fluid cannot be used to predict material properties quantitatively, the model gives a very good and proper qualitative description. Using this map, some peculiarities related to T–s diagrams of working fluids can be understood.

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“…Energy production and distribution 49 Table 2 summarizes the data on dust emissions in 2017 from various branches of the economy in Poland [19]. Table 2.…”

Section: Source Of Dust Emission Emission Tonnesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selection of the working fluid for the ORC system is often challenging as environmental, thermodynamic and design considerations should be taken into consideration. Different methods for working fluid selection are reported in literature [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. The working fluid should be non-toxic and featuring low values of global warming potential (GWP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP) indicators.…”

Section: Design Considerations and Comparison Of Different Domestic Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic Organic Rankine Cycle-Based Cogeneration Systems as a Way to Reduce Dust Emissions in Municipal Heating

Kolasiński

2020

Energies

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Environmental issues are nowadays of great importance. In particular air and water quality should be kept at as high levels as possible. Energy conversion systems and devices which are applied for converting the chemical energy contained in different fuels into heat, electricity and cold in the industry and housing are sources of different gases and solid particle emissions. Medical data show PM2.5 dust in particular is highly dangerous for human health. Therefore, limiting the number of low-quality fuel combustion processes is a key issue of modern energy policy. Statistical data show that domestic heating systems account for a large share of the total emissions of PM2.5 and PM10 dust. For example in Poland in 2017, the share of households in the total annual emissions of PM2.5 dust was equal to ca. 35.8%, while the share of PM2.5 emission in industry (i.e., power generating plants, industrial power plants and technologies) was equal to only 23.6%. A possible way of solving this problem is by the successful replacement of old domestic furnaces by combined heat and power (CHP) or multigeneration boilers which can be used for heating the rooms and sanitary water and generating electricity and cold. Such systems can possibly contribute in the future to significant reductions of dust emissions and air pollution in urban and rural areas by limiting the number of low-quality fuel combustion processes. This article presents design considerations and experimental results related to a domestic micro-CHP unit which is based on organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology. The main aim of the design works and experiments was therefore the analysis of the possibility of integrating the ORC system with a standard domestic central heating gas-fired boiler. The specially designed micro-ORC system was implemented in the laboratory and experiments were performed using this test stand. The main design aims of the test-stand were: low operating pressure, small working fluid flow, low price and compact dimensions. To meet these aims, volumetric machines were chosen as the expander and working fluid pump. The experimental results were positive and show that it is possible to integrate an ORC system with a standard domestic central heating gas boiler. For different heat source temperatures, the obtained expander power ranged from 109 W to 241 W and the thermodynamic cycle efficiency ranged from 4.3% to 8.8%. These positive research results were achieved partly thanks to the positive features of the different system subassemblies.

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The Method of the Working Fluid Selection for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Systems Employing Volumetric Expanders

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Cold Energy Utilization in LNG Regasification System Using Organic Rankine Cycle and Trilateral Flash Cycle

Cold Energy Utilization in LNG Regasification System Using Organic Rankine Cycle and Trilateral Flash Cycle

Mapping of the Temperature–Entropy Diagrams of van der Waals Fluids

Domestic Organic Rankine Cycle-Based Cogeneration Systems as a Way to Reduce Dust Emissions in Municipal Heating

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