The microbial safety of seaweed as a feed component for black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae

Swinscoe, Isobel; Oliver, David M.; Ørnsrud, Robin

doi:10.1016/j.fm.2020.103535

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This variation in endospore counts can indicate that this microbial subgroup is characterised by a broader range in its quantitative occurrence than total aerobic counts. Although several studies (Defilippo et al, 2018;Erickson et al, 2004;Swinscoe et al, 2020) demonstrated a horizontal transfer of pathogens from the substrate to the larvae during the rearing process, the larvae did not pick up C. perfringens from the substrate in this experiment. Horizontal transfer of pathogens from substrate to larvae can be substrate and/or species dependent, which is also proposed by Osimani and Aquilanti (2021).…”

Section: Wynantsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Occurrence of Clostridium perfringens vegetative cells and spores throughout an industrial production process of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens)

Looveren

Vandeweyer

Schelt

et al. 2022

JIFF

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The main use of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) is currently as an animal feed ingredient. While the bacterial community of the larvae has been characterised repeatedly via sequencing, microbiological safety assessment based on culture-dependent techniques is still scarce. This study focused on the occurrence of the spore-forming foodborne pathogen Clostridium perfringens during rearing and consecutive processing of the larvae, based on observations in a single rearing facility. C. perfringens vegetative cells and spores were determined, in addition to total viable counts, total aerobic spore counts and intrinsic parameters including pH, water activity and moisture content. All samples were obtained from an industrial production plant. In a preliminary experiment, substrate ingredients and dried larvae were analysed, but the larvae were produced with a previous batch of the substrate mixture. A second, more detailed, experiment was performed where all samples were collected sequentially from the same production run (substrate ingredients, substrate mixture, starting larvae, harvested larvae, residue, dried larvae and stored dried larvae). In the two experiments, (presumptive) C. perfringens, as determined on tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar, was found at low numbers in the ingredients and in the second experiment it was also found in the substrate mixture. Over the two experiments, total C. perfringens counts (i.e. vegetative cells plus spores) ranged between 3.0±0.1 and <1.2±0.5 log cfu/g and C. perfringens spores ranged between 2.5±0.1 and <1.0±0.0 log cfu/g. Interestingly, vegetative cells and spores of C. perfringens were below the detection limit in all larvae samples. Therefore, it appears that at this production site and based on the samples investigated, the pathogen did not colonise the larvae. However, these results indicate that insect producers should monitor this pathogen among others, and install good hygiene practices to avoid contamination.

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Section: Wynantsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Occurrence of Clostridium perfringens vegetative cells and spores throughout an industrial production process of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens)

Looveren

Vandeweyer

Schelt

et al. 2022

JIFF

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“…Thanks to good nutritional value and high bioactive compound content, the use of seaweeds in food and feed formulation is growing everyday [ 26 , 27 ]. Seaweeds and derived compounds have proved a series of bioactivities that could significantly enhance the use of these organisms in food formulation in order to guarantee a healthy diet for consumers [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edible Seaweeds and Spirulina Extracts for Food Application: In Vitro and In Situ Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity towards Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria

Martelli

Cirlini

Neviani

et al. 2020

Foods

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Research is more and more focused on studying and selecting food preservatives of natural origin. In this scenario, algae are an excellent source of bioactive compounds, among which are antimicrobials, whose presence is variable depending on the algal species and environmental conditions. The aim of the present study was to obtain, by a food grade approach, antimicrobial extracts from five species already approved as foods and to test their efficacy in vitro (agar well diffusion assay) and in situ (microbial challenge test) towards foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, the total phenolic compounds of the extracts were determined in order to evaluate possible correlations with the antimicrobial activity. Strains belonging to Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus were considered. Overall, the extracts showed a good antimicrobial activity in vitro towards all the tested microorganisms, especially L. monocytogenes (15 mm of inhibition diameter). The effect of inhibition was monitored during 24, 48 and 120 h showing a good persistence in time. Arthrospira platensis exerted the highest efficacy, further revealed towards L. monocytogenes on salmon tartare as bacteriostatic using 0.45% of the extract and bactericidal using 0.90%. The presence of phenolic compounds could be related to the antimicrobial activity but was not revealed as the main component of this activity. The extract with the highest phenolic content (18.79 ± 1.90 mg GAE/g) was obtained from Himanthalia elongata. The efficacy, confirmed also in a food matrix, might open perspectives for their application as food preservative.

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“…The average body weight gain based on Table 5 showed that there was an effect of treatment on body weight growth, where P1 achieved the highest body weight growth with the addition of maggot mix flour commercial feed level of 5% (0.35 gr/head/day ± 0.10 ), while the lowest was in P2 (0.10 ± 0.03). Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the effect of treatment on the body weight gain of mice [9].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From PBB data, the value of a food substance from an animal will be able to be known [8]. According to [9] a mouse's growth speed is 5 grams per day. [10] stated that the growth rate depends on the species, sex, age, and the balance of nutrients in the ration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Giving Maggot Mix Flour (Hermetia Illuciens Linnaeus) on Commercial Feed on Growth Weight Mice (Mus Musculus)

et al. 2021

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The study aimed to determine the effect of daily body weight gain (PBBH) in mice given feed containing commercial feed mix maggot flour. The material used in the study was 60 mice that were not differentiated by gender. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with unidirectional pattern. The provision of maggot flour in commercial feed was divided into four types of treatment. Each treatment level received three replications, with each replication consisting of 5 mice. If there was an influence on the treatment, the Duncan Multiple Range Test was performed. The followings were the treatments used in the study: P0: 100% commercial feed without maggot flour, P1: commercial feed 95% + 5% maggot flour, P2: commercial feed 90% + 10% maggot flour, P3: commercial feed 85% + 15% maggot flour. The research lasted for approximately 30 days, starting from September 4 to October 6, 2020, at the Basic Laboratory of the Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Islamic University of Lamongan. The results showed a significant effect between treatments (P <0.05) and (P <0.01). The best treatment resulted in the increase of daily body weight gain (PBBH) was P1 (0.35 gr / head / day ± 0.10), P0 (0.29 gr / head / day ± 0.05), P3 (0.20 gr / head / day ± 0.08) , P2 (0.10 gr / head / day ± 0.05). This study concludes that the application of mixed maggot flour as feed to the growth of mice's body weight is the addition of 95% of commercial feed and 5% of maggot flour.

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The microbial safety of seaweed as a feed component for black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae

Cited by 18 publications

References 48 publications

Occurrence of Clostridium perfringens vegetative cells and spores throughout an industrial production process of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens)

Occurrence of Clostridium perfringens vegetative cells and spores throughout an industrial production process of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens)

Edible Seaweeds and Spirulina Extracts for Food Application: In Vitro and In Situ Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity towards Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria

The Effect of Giving Maggot Mix Flour (Hermetia Illuciens Linnaeus) on Commercial Feed on Growth Weight Mice (Mus Musculus)

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