The microheterogeneity of human transferrins in biological fluids

Eijk, H.G. Van; Noort, Willy A.; Dubelaar, Marie-Louise; Heul, C. Van Der

doi:10.1016/0009-8981(83)90244-9

Cited by 67 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the present study, the specificity of this method was 100%, with no detectable tau protein band in serum, tears, saliva or nasal secretion. This is in agreement with reports from other studies [15,18,[20][21][22] and corroborates that the detection of a tau protein band in rhinorrhea is specific evidence for the presence of CSF in the fluid.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

“…In serum, transferrin with four sialic acids, predominates, while CSF also contains a relatively large proportion of an isoform without sialic acids, called asialo transferrin, fl 2-transferrin or tau protein [15][16][17][18]. The presence of this isoform is considered a result either of sialidase activity in the brain [16,18] or, since transferrin mRNA is produced within the CNS [19], lack of enzymatic addition of sialic acids to intrathecally synthesised transferrin. Tau protein is specific for CSF, and is not detectable in serum nasal secretion, tears, saliva, or peri-or e n d o l y m p h [ 15, 18, 2 0 -2 2 ] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Because o f the absence of sialic acids, the tau protein has lower electrophoretic m o b i l i t y than the isoforms of transferrin with sialic acids [18], a property that can be used to separate it from other isoforms, The current methods of detecting tau protein in C S F are manual, based on agarose gel electrophoresis in c o m b i n a t i o n with western blotting to nitrocellulose sheets and/or i m m u n o -a f f i n i t y -b a s e d detection methods [21][22][23][24][25]. These methods are all relatively laborious and t i m e -c o n s u m i n g , in particularly in the routine laboratory where such a test does not need to be done very frequently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of cerebrospinal fluid leakage by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels with silver staining using the PhastSystem?

Blennow¹,

Fredman²

1995

Acta neurochir

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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, which sometimes occurs after skull trauma, is a life-threatening condition. A prompt start with antibiotics and/or prompt surgical treatment of fistulas is essential to avoid severe complications. This requires a fast and reliable method for detecting CSF leakage. This paper describes a fast (< 2 h) method based on the identification of the tau protein (beta 2-transferrin) band(s). Tau protein is a brain-specific variant of transferrin that is characteristic of CSF. The method includes iso-electric focusing (IEF) on pre-cast polyacrylamide gels and silver staining using the PhastSystem, an automated instrument for electrophoresis and staining. In the present study, this technology was applied on 200 consecutive CSF samples, 32 of which were from healthy volunteers. Tau protein was detected in all CSF samples but 5 (2.5%), all of which were from patients with blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. In these cases, the tau protein band was indistinct when direct silver staining was used. Therefore, immunofixation with an antitransferrin antibody was performed, and after that the tau protein band was easy to detect. The specificity of the method was high, since no brain-specific tau protein band was detected in serum, tears, saliva, or nasal secretion. As IEF of CSF using the PhastSystem is increasingly used as the routine method for detection of oligoclonal bands of IgG in neurological disorders, it could readily be used in the clinical (neuro) chemical laboratory also for the less frequent cases of suspected CSF leakage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of cerebrospinal fluid leakage by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels with silver staining using the PhastSystem?

Blennow¹,

Fredman²

1995

Acta neurochir

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“…As both glycosylation sites may be occupied by two di-, one di-and one tri-or two triantennary chains, the maximum number of NeuNAc-residues varies from 4-6 (82%/ 17%/<1% of the respective glycoforms in serum [7]); only low amounts of asialo-and monosialo-variants have been reported [8]. Di-and trisialo-transferrin also constitute minor species, the disialoform being elevated in cases of alcoholism [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Brain‐type’ N‐glycosylation of asialo‐transferrin from human cerebrospinal fluid

Hoffmann¹,

Nimtz

Getzlaff

et al. 1995

FEBS Letters

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Asialo-transferrin from human cerebrospinal fluid was purified to homogeneity. Investigation of the structural characteristics of its oligosaccharides support our hypothesis of 'brain-type' glycosylation of intrathecally synthesized cerebrospinal fluid proteins. For carbohydrate structural analysis, high-pH anion-exchange chromatography, methylation analysis, liquid secondary ion-and matrix-assisted laser desorptionl ionization mass spectrometry of the permethylated derivatives were used. The major structure turned out to be a complex-type agalactodiantennary oligosaccharide with bisecting N-acetylglucosamine and proximal fucose. Analysis of a second transferrin preparation containing both asialo-and sialo-transferrin revealed another major glycan species derived from the sialylated transferrin variant which is galactosylated and lacks bisecting N-acetylglucosamine and fucose.

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“…Different degrees of sialylation and galactosylation of human Tf in cerebrospinal fluid (CF), amniotic fluid and synovial fluid have been described [17,18]. The occurrence of a particularly high proportion of asialo Tf in CF has been put to clinical use.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transferrin microheterogeneity as a probe in normal and disease states

et al. 1995

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Isoelectric focusing of iron saturated serum has been established as a convenient method for showing transferrin gtycan microheterogeneity, In a clinical setting, the m~ thod is used in the detection of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, the screening for surreptitious alcohol abuse and in the diagnosis of the carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome. In normal physiological states it can also be used as a tool to probe for changes in N-glycosylation.

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The microheterogeneity of human transferrins in biological fluids

Cited by 67 publications

References 7 publications

Detection of cerebrospinal fluid leakage by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels with silver staining using the PhastSystem?

Detection of cerebrospinal fluid leakage by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels with silver staining using the PhastSystem?

‘Brain‐type’ N‐glycosylation of asialo‐transferrin from human cerebrospinal fluid

Transferrin microheterogeneity as a probe in normal and disease states

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