The Million Person Study, whence it came and why

Boice, John D.; Cohen, Sarah S.; Mumma, Michael T.; Ellis, Elizabeth D.

doi:10.1080/09553002.2019.1589015

Cited by 49 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 81 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There is also the possibility that uncontrolled exposure to radiation will occur during radiation accidents and that such exposures may go undetected. According to the effects of long-term exposure to low-dose radiation on the human body, relevant information should be used to prepare NRC safety standards [31].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Improvement of the Regional Regulatory Governance System for Radiation Risk Management: Spatial Analysis on Radiation Hazards in South Korea

Lee

Lim

2022

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the 2011 Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, nuclear regulators have strengthened safety standards or decided to decommission the nuclear power plant. The vast majority of radiation is from nuclear power plants, so safety measures are also concentrated in nuclear power plants. Radioactive materials located much closer to the people are scattered around the nation. However, it is difficult for citizens to predict the radiation risk around them because regulatory agencies do not provide adequate information on radiation. The main goal of this study is to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of radioactive materials that serve as indicators for potential risk from a radiological hazard. The empirical findings in this study demonstrate the presence of spatial autocorrelation for the number of radiation licenses among 244 regions in the Republic of Korea. The policy implications are three-fold: (1) it is necessary to improve regulatory governance in consideration of permitted use; (2) the regional offices of regulatory agency can be established based on the identified spatial distribution of permitted use; (3) it is required to improve the information-disclosure system for materials. This study provides an opportunity to create a safer society by understanding the radiation around the public in general.

show abstract

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Improvement of the Regional Regulatory Governance System for Radiation Risk Management: Spatial Analysis on Radiation Hazards in South Korea

Lee

Lim

2022

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact, NASA has developed a risk-based approach to radiation exposure limits that accounts for individual factors (e.g., age, gender, and smoking history) and uses them when assessing the uncertainties related to risk estimates [ 88 ]. However, many more epidemiological studies are still needed; the Million Person Study of Low-Dose Health Effects (MPS) [ 89 ], for example, can contribute to our understanding of the health effects of chronic exposure. The MPS’ large study size, approximately one million subjects, makes it capable of providing more precise estimates of lifetime risks of radiation and may indicate reasonable approaches for addressing specific issues of interest to not only NASA but also ICRP, UNSCEAR, and other organizations concerned with radiological protection.…”

Section: Possible Issues Related To Human Space Exploration and Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Low Temperatures on Environmental Radiation Damage in Living Systems: Does Hypothermia Show Promise for Space Travel?

Fukunaga

2020

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low-temperature treatments (i.e., hypothermia) may be one way of regulating environmental radiation damage in living systems. With this in mind, hibernation under hypothermic conditions has been proposed as a useful approach for long-term human space flight. However, the underlying mechanisms of hypothermia-induced radioresistance are as yet undetermined, and the conventional risk assessment of radiation exposure during hibernation remains insufficient for estimating the effects of chronic exposure to galactic cosmic rays (GCRs). To promote scientific discussions on the application of hibernation in space travel, this literature review provides an overview of the progress to date in the interdisciplinary research field of radiation biology and hypothermia and addresses possible issues related to hypothermic treatments as countermeasures against GCRs. At present, there are concerns about the potential effects of chronic radiation exposure on neurological disorders, carcinogenesis, ischemia heat failures, and infertility in astronauts; these require further study. These concerns may be resolved by comparing and integrating data gleaned from experimental and epidemiological studies.

show abstract

“…The most obvious approach is to increase sample size by pooling of cohorts (Leuraud et al 2015;Laurent et al 2016;Boice et al 2019). However, inhomogeneities between cohorts may constitute a challenge for pooled data sets and insufficient understanding of incompatibilities could constitute a source for bias.…”

Section: Quality Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biologically based models of cancer risk in radiation research

Kaiser

Blettner

Stathopoulos

2020

International Journal of Radiation Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: In radiation risk analysis the state-of-the-art approach is based on descriptive models which link excess rates of cancer incidence and mortality to radiation exposure by statistical association. To estimate the number of sporadic and radiation-induced cases descriptive models apply parametric dose response function which directly determine the radiation risk. In biologically-based models of cancer risk (BBCR models) dose responses are implemented for key events on the biological level such as early mutations or clonal expansion of initiated cells. Influenced by radiation these events then shape the risk response on the epidemiological level.Although BBCR models facilitate a more comprehensive consideration of biological processes for risk assessment, their range of application in radiation research remains limited. Therefore, we emphasize their ability to improve understanding of radiation-related carcinogenesis by integrating molecular biology with epidemiology. We highlight the potential of BBCR models to harness information from adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) for risk estimation with closer links to radiobiology. The AOP concept originates from toxicology and may be applied profitably in radiation research. Conclusion:The conceptual design of BBCR models can be guided by the highdimensional data environment provided by AOPs. Risk estimates from BBCR mod-CONTACT J. C. Kaiser.

show abstract

The Million Person Study, whence it came and why

Cited by 49 publications

References 81 publications

The Improvement of the Regional Regulatory Governance System for Radiation Risk Management: Spatial Analysis on Radiation Hazards in South Korea

The Improvement of the Regional Regulatory Governance System for Radiation Risk Management: Spatial Analysis on Radiation Hazards in South Korea

The Effect of Low Temperatures on Environmental Radiation Damage in Living Systems: Does Hypothermia Show Promise for Space Travel?

Biologically based models of cancer risk in radiation research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About