The mining policy of the Evo Morales government : Myths and political pragmatism

Gouill, Claude Le

doi:10.4000/ideas.1695

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The lack of supervision of and precise data about the mining industry had given rise to all kinds of speculation about its impact on the environment. The proven presence of mining cooperatives above the Incachaca dams was a source of indignation and raised numerous questions, especially in that many NGOs had severely criticized the 2014 Mining and Metallurgy Law, which, among other things, granted mining companies the right to an unlimited use of water in their concessions (Le Gouill, 2017). Unlike the leaders of social organizations and the residents of the neighborhoods, experts conducted far-reaching analyses of the causes of the crisis and suggested more technical solutions dependent on specific projects, for example the construction of an additional dam.…”

Section: Ngos and Their Tribulations In Evo Morales's Boliviamentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Conflicts and Hydrocracy in the Americas. Coalitions, Networks, Policies

Mercier¹,

Massardier²,

Jacobi³

2022

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This book develops an international comparative approach to water conflicts in several American cities (USA, Mexico, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia). Struggles for water can be related to different issues: increase in water prices, installation of water catchment systems, negotiations of commissioning contracts, promotion of municipal plans for water delivery, etc. Such conflicts tend to structure coalitions which, in turn, influence policy-making; they impact local orders that are embedded at multiple levels of social practices; they involve most of the environmental and political institutions of a city or a country. In order to understand how these hydrocracies work, this book proposes a new framework of analysis taking into account the beliefs of the protagonists of the conflicts, their positions in the policy networks and their social characteristics.

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Section: Ngos and Their Tribulations In Evo Morales's Boliviamentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Conflicts and Hydrocracy in the Americas. Coalitions, Networks, Policies

Mercier¹,

Massardier²,

Jacobi³

2022

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“…This issue has recently been addressed regarding mining and hydrocarbon sectors. Andreucci & Radhuber (2015) and Le Gouill (2016) mention the maintenance of former institutional arrangements for mineral exploitation, the continuity of lax environmental regulations and the state's active undermining of social movements against the expansion of mining as key explanations for the limits of what they call the "counter-neoliberal" reform. Kaup (2010) reports on the path dependence of the gas sector on the governance framework established during the 1980-90 decade, and the role of the conservative elite radically opposed to changes in this framework.…”

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confidence: 99%

Forest management in Bolivia under Evo Morales: The challenges of post-neoliberalism

Gautreau

Bruslé²

2019

Political Geography

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Based on a study of the forest sector in the northern Amazon region of Bolivia, this paper addresses the reasons why the Bolivian so-called "postneoliberal" project is an adjustment of neoliberalism rather than a departure from it. First, Bolivia has aimed not so much at breaking away radically from neoliberal frameworks as at reasserting the importance of the state and of the national scale in regulatory actions. Second, the neoliberal period has left behind the insuperable legacy of a neoliberal approach to nature: by allowing local stakeholders to access forest resources, it has reinforced a commercial relationship with the non-human world. Third, it is not easy to reverse the internationalization of forest governance. All in all, the Bolivian state's reterritorialization of the country's margins through the control of forest resources has perpetuated processes that were initiated during the hybrid neoliberal period (1993-2005), though the focus has shifted from commoditizing the forest for the benefit of local stakeholders to facilitating the redistribution of this resource on a national scale. Since 2006 Evo Morales's forest governance has tried to integrate this multiscale dimension to create a pragmatic management model that combines agrarian colonization, conservation and extractivism. This explains both the apparent contradictions of the new Bolivian forest policy and the difficulties in creating a radically new form of governance. The case of Bolivian forests shows the extent to which neoliberalism has shaped spaces and scales in a way that guarantees its own resilience.

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Des coopératives minières équitables ? Difficultés et réajustements de la filière « équitable » dans les mines aurifères artisanales et à petite échelle en Bolivie.

Gouill¹,

Herbozo²

2023

vertigo

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En 2010, la coopérative de Cotapata en Bolivie était la première organisation minière artisanale à vendre de l’or « équitable » au niveau mondial, suivie dans le pays des coopératives « 15 de agosto » et de Yani. Dans les trois cas cependant, les mineurs décidèrent de ne pas maintenir la certification au bout de quelques années, dans un contexte de ruée vers l’or fortement critiqué pour ses pratiques de travail et ses conséquences environnementales. Après avoir décrit les difficultés de développement de cette certification, nous montrerons comment les institutions engagées dans l'approche de l'or responsable en Bolivie ont tenu compte de ces échecs pour réorienter leur cadre d’action plus directement vers la pénétration des « frontières » de l’activité minière artisanale aurifère en Bolivie, selon un modèle d’ « adaptabilité progressive » tenant compte des contextes miniers locaux. Ce cadre d’action vise davantage à formaliser les coopératives et à établir un travail d'éducation socio-environnementale avec les mineurs, à partir d’une approche plus horizontale permettant de rompre en partie les processus descendants (top-down) des certifications équitables.

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The mining policy of the Evo Morales government : Myths and political pragmatism

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Water Conflicts and Hydrocracy in the Americas. Coalitions, Networks, Policies

Water Conflicts and Hydrocracy in the Americas. Coalitions, Networks, Policies

Forest management in Bolivia under Evo Morales: The challenges of post-neoliberalism

Des coopératives minières équitables ? Difficultés et réajustements de la filière « équitable » dans les mines aurifères artisanales et à petite échelle en Bolivie.

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