The Missing Class

Newman, Katherine S.; Chen, Victor Tan

doi:10.4324/9780429494468-16

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Zjawisko pracujących biednych jest przedmiotem naukowego zainteresowania polskich teoretyków, jednak nie przeprowadzono jak dotąd wielu badań empirycznych. Problem obecny jest w literaturze amerykańskiej, gdzie kategoria missing class (niewidoczna lub nieobecna klasa) (Newman, Chen, 2007) dotyczy "zwykłych ludzi", którzy często pracują w kilku firmach i wykonują niskopłatne zajęcia (sprzątaczki, kelnerki, sprzedawcy) oraz poświęcają pracy większą część swojego czasu, zaniedbując rodzinę. Źródeł problemu można szukać w okresie kapitalistycznego kształtowania się systemu produkcji w XIX wieku: "protoplastami osób obecnie zaliczanych do kategorii working poor byli robotnicy z okresu rewolucji przemysłowej.…”

Section: Prekariat a Ludzka Godnośćunclassified

Zjawisko prekariatu w filmie fabularnym

Konieczna

2023

KiE

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This paper discusses selecting films (realized shortly before the COVID-19 pandemic) portraying the precariat in today’s world. Working poor in lowwage jobs cannot secure a livelihood, which creates frustration and leads to a loss of personal and social dignity among this social class. My main focus is human dignity in the face of poverty and economic and social marginalization, enabled by a political system allowing contemporary forms of exploitation. In this paper, I refer to social scientists and filmmakers who warn against the escalation of aggression brought on by this phenomenon. The research aim of my study was to acquire knowledge of how the precariat has been presented in selected films and whether and why this phenomenon is the cause of human dignity and social exclusion. The first part covers definitions of the terms involved (precariat, human dignity), while the second discusses three selected films that explore the subject above.

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Section: Prekariat a Ludzka Godnośćunclassified

Zjawisko prekariatu w filmie fabularnym

Konieczna

2023

KiE

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“…A growing part of the zone of vulnerability is made up of "near poor", people who live above the poverty line, but well below a secure station (Newman and Tan Chen, 2007), "welfare supported precarity" or "less individualized precarity", in other words, conditions of life of those who have an even more irregular job, but who can rely on more protective welfare, and on greater family support and collective solidarity. Castel's framework is useful in understanding that the effects of the pandemic cannot be conceptualized only in terms of a sharp increase in severe poverty.…”

Section: Conclusion: a Less Individualized Precaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic: economic insecurity and coping strategies of Italian households

Siza

2020

IJSSP

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PurposeThis paper offers a contribution to the authors’ understanding of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on living conditions of Italian households. A large part of the research, analysis, comments focused on the relation between the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and income of the Italian households does not capture the extent of the current changes. The focus on the highly differentiated impacts of the pandemic on three core dimensions of social integration (the sphere of work, that of welfare and that of the family) could help the authors to grasp the current transformations.Design/methodology/approachThe research draws on Castel's distinction between three “zones” of post-Fordist employment societies with the aim to identify the processes and the conditions that carry individuals from one “zones” to the other. Theoretical considerations are supported by the findings of several qualitative and quantitative research carried out during the pandemic mainly by government agencies and international organizations as OECD and WHO. The analysis of healthcare expenditure, labour market and economic conditions of households is based on data of system of health accounts – SHA and from consumer studies undertaken by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT). The data on the financial situation and expectations of households during the crisis used in the article were drawn from special surveys carried out by the Bank of Italy.FindingsWhat the authors observe in Italian society is not a collapse of the three pillars of social and system integration of contemporary societies: work, family and welfare. The COVID-19 pandemic has reversed two social and institutional trends, that in last two decades had damaged these spheres of life and that seemed relentless. First, what has been reversed are: the progressive privatization of welfare and the enhancement of the politics of retrenchment; second, values and styles of life, radical processes of individualization, that undermined mutual relations of support and care, and households' ability to cope with old and new risks. At the same time, the pandemic is radicalizing the long-lasting tendency towards job insecurity, a high incidence of low-paid workers and a high proportion of undeclared work. The highly differentiated impacts of the pandemic on these three spheres of life are creating a wider plurality of living conditions and risks.Social implicationsThe findings suggest that what the authors need is to reopen the debate on welfare priorities, programmes and areas of intervention, on public-private relationship that have been established in many sectors of welfare in the last decades in many European countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance welfare programmes capable of recognising the autonomous capacities of the family and informal relations to produce well-being, to cope with the crisis and to produce supportive relationships.Originality/valueThe pandemic highlighted that a progressive reduction of expenditure and politics of retrenchment produced welfare not able to face the needs of a large part of households. The pandemic highlighted that the changes that have taken place in the sphere of work, welfare and of the family in the last years have produced less and less governable effects.

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Association of public explanations of why children struggle and support for policy solutions using a national sample

Klevens

Treves‐Kagan

Metzler

et al. 2021

Anal Soc Iss & Public Policy

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Purpose Despite evidence showing the importance of structural determinants for child well‐being and the existence of policies that can promote child well‐being, many communities are not adopting these policies. Limited awareness of structural determinants may explain this gap. This study establishes the public's recognition of structural determinants and their associations with support for policies that promote child well‐being. Methods Secondary analyses of survey data collected in 2019 from a random sample of 2496 adults in the United States. This survey asked why some children “struggle” (e.g., do poorly in school, use drugs, or get involved in crime). Respondents could select individual (e.g., lack of effort) and structural (e.g., low wages) explanations. Respondents were also asked about their support for policies that are supportive of children and families. Results Stronger beliefs of structural explanations were associated with greater support for policies that strengthen family economics, family‐friendly work, and afford access to high‐quality early childcare and education. Beliefs in individual explanations were inversely associated with support for these policies. Conclusions These findings suggest increasing recognition of the structural determinants that hinder child development may help increase support for policies that are effective in improving children's outcomes.

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The Missing Class

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Zjawisko prekariatu w filmie fabularnym

Zjawisko prekariatu w filmie fabularnym

In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic: economic insecurity and coping strategies of Italian households

Association of public explanations of why children struggle and support for policy solutions using a national sample

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