The mitochondrial genome ofAncylostoma tubaeformefrom cats in China

Abstract

Ancylostoma tubaeforme may infect canids, felids and humans, and pose a potential risk to public health. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques were used to amplify the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence of A. tubaeforme from cats and to analyse its sequence characteristics after molecular identification based on the internal transcribed spacer ITS1+ sequence. The results show that the complete mt genome sequence (GenBank accession number KY070315) of A. tubaeforme from cats was 13,730 bp in length, including 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, two non-coding regions and an AT-rich region. The nucleotide content of A and T was 77.93%, biased toward A and T. Twelve protein-coding genes used ATT, TTG and GTG as initiation codons, and TAA, TAG, TA and T as termination codons. The length of the 22 tRNA genes ranged from 52 to 62 bp, their predicted secondary structures were D loops and V loops. The lengths of the two rRNAs were 958 and 697 bp. Phylogenetic analyses showed that A. tubaeforme from cats was in the lineage of Ancylostoma, having a close phylogenetic relationship with A. caninum. This study reports for the first time the mt genome of A. tubaeforme from cats in China, which could enhance the mt genome database of Ancylostomatidae nematodes, and it offers the scientific basis for further studies in the genetic diversity of hookworms among different hosts.

The mitochondrial genome of the dog hookworm Ancylostoma caninum (Nematoda, Ancylostomatidae) from Southwest China

“…As shown in Figure 1, the phylogenic tree placed A. caninum together with species from Ancylostomatinae and separated from species of Bunostominae with high bootstrap confidence, supporting that the Ancylostomatinae and Bunostominae are monophyletic groups in the family Ancylostomatidae. Amongst the subfamily Ancylostomatinae, A. caninum from China and Australia were more closely related to each other than to that from Japan; nevertheless, these three dog-originated A. caninum clustered together and showed a closer genetic relationship to A. tubaeforme (cat hookworm) and A. duodenale (human hookworm) than to A. ceylanicum (dog/cat hookworm) and Uncinaria sanguinis (sea lion hookworm), consistent with recent molecular studies (Shi et al 2017(Shi et al , 2018. In summary, the sequenced A. caninum mtDNA provides insights into phylogenetic studies among Ancylostomatidae nematodes.…”

Establishment of a Tm-shift Method for Detection of Cat-Derived Hookworms

“…Adult A. ceylanicum and A. tubaeforme samples were isolated and identified by Liu et al [4] and Shi et al [2], and preserved in 50% ethyl alcohol in our laboratory. Fecal samples were collected from stray cats at the Animal Rescue Station in Shaoguan city of Guangdong province in China and stored at 4°C.…”

“…The main hookworms infecting cats include Ancylostoma ceylanicum , A. tubaeforme , A. braziliense , and Uncinaria stenocephala . The recent investigations have shown that the cat’s hookworm infection in China is mainly caused by A. ceylanicum and A. tubaeforme [1,2]. A. ceylanicum is globally distributed among dogs and cats, however it is particularly severe in Asia, especially in Southeast Asia and the Pacific.…”

“…A. tubaeforme mainly infects cats, but it is rarely reported in canines. According to the previous surveys, A. tubaeforme has been reported in cats in Australia [9,10], Brazil [11], Italy [12], Qatar [13], Spain [14], the United States [15,16], and China [2]. Currently, A. ceylanicum has become the second largest species of hookworm in Asia [17], that can feed on blood and develop into adults in the human body, causing anemia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and even death.…”

Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Echinostoma revolutum from Red-Crowned Crane (Grus japonensis)

“…The expected fragment is 713 bp. PCR was performed referring to Shi et al [15]. PCR products were examined by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis, re-harvested using the OMEGA Gel Extraction Kit (Omega Bio-Tek, Norcross, Georgia, USA) and sent to Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) company for sequencing.…”