“…Since route choice was the basis of traffic assignment, the results began to have a tremendous effect on traffic volume in traffic network (Chen et al 2001). By the end of the 1980s, several in vehicle route guidance systems (IVRGS) were tested across the globe, particularly in Japan (Kobayashi 1979, Nakashita et al 1988, Shibano et al 1989, Europe (Jeffery et al 1987, Karlsson 1988, Watling and Van Viren 1993 and the United States (Rillings 1991).…”