The Modulation of Melanogenesis in B16 Cells Upon Treatment with Plant Extracts and Isolated Plant Compounds

Merecz-Sadowska, Anna; Sitarek, Przemysław; Kowalczyk, Tomasz; Zajdel, Karolina; Kucharska, Ewa; Zajdel, Radosław

doi:10.3390/molecules27144360

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…Therefore, we evaluated the influence of imperatorin on melanogenesis-related enzymes to understand the melanogenesis stimulation mechanisms of imperatorin in detail. Melanogenesis is directly regulated by the major enzymes TRY, TYRP-1, and TYRP-2 [ 44 , 45 ]. In this study, imperatorin significantly increased the expression of TRY, TYRP-1, and TYRP-2, which is consistent with the results observed for melanin synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imperatorin Positively Regulates Melanogenesis through Signaling Pathways Involving PKA/CREB, ERK, AKT, and GSK3β/β-Catenin

Kim

Hyun

2022

Molecules

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The present study investigated the melanogenic effects of imperatorin and isoimperatorin and the underlying mechanisms of imperatorin using a mouse melanoma B16F10 model. Interestingly, treatment with 25 μM of either imperatorin or isoimperatorin, despite their structural differences, did not produce differences in melanin content and intracellular tyrosinase activity. Imperatorin also activated the expression of melanogenic enzymes, such as tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related proteins TYRP-1 and TYRP-2. Mechanistically, imperatorin increases melanin synthesis through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA)/cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB)-dependent upregulation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), which is a key transcription factor in melanogenesis. Furthermore, imperatorin exerted melanogenic effects by downregulating extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and upregulating phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/glycogen synthesis kinase-3β (GSK-3β). Moreover, imperatorin increased the content of β-catenin in the cell cytoplasm and nucleus by reducing the content of phosphorylated β-catenin (p-β-catenin). Finally, we tested the potential of imperatorin in topical application through primary human skin irritation tests. These tests were performed on the normal skin (upper back) of 31 volunteers to determine whether 25 or 50 µM of imperatorin had irritation or sensitization potential. During these tests, imperatorin did not induce any adverse reactions. Taken together, these findings suggest that the regulation of melanogenesis by imperatorin can be mediated by signaling pathways involving PKA/CREB, ERK, AKT, and GSK3β/β-catenin and that imperatorin could prevent the pathogenesis of pigmentation diseases when used as a topical agent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imperatorin Positively Regulates Melanogenesis through Signaling Pathways Involving PKA/CREB, ERK, AKT, and GSK3β/β-Catenin

Kim

Hyun

2022

Molecules

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“…In some cases, inhibition of MITF activity leads to reduced melanin production, while in some others, stimulation of MITF activity results in increased melanin production. Both the effects may be achieved through implementation of plant-derived compounds [ 60 ]. Therefore, these molecules may exert a beneficial therapeutic effect on skin of patients with hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation, including postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, solar lentigines, melasma, café au lait macules, ephelides (freckles) as well as postinflammatory hypopigmentation, vitiligo, pityriasis alba, tinea versicolor [ 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: Plant Extract and Pure Compounds–biological Properties And M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed analyses of the modulation of melanogenesis upon treatment with plant extracts and isolated plant compounds in in vitro model were presented in our previous study [ 60 ]. However, selected investigations of plant extracts and pure plant compounds on in vivo models, given above, were also conducted on melanocyte monocultures.…”

Section: In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants as Modulators of Melanogenesis: Role of Extracts, Pure Compounds and Patented Compositions in Therapy of Pigmentation Disorders

Merecz-Sadowska

Sitarek

Stelmach

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The kingdom of plants as a “green biofabric” of valuable bioactive molecules has long been used in many ailments. Currently, extracts and pure compounds of plant origin are used to aid in pigmentation skin problems by influencing the process of melanogenesis. Melanin is a very important pigment that protects human skin against ultraviolet radiation and oxidative stress. It is produced by a complex process called melanogenesis. However, disturbances in the melanogenesis mechanism may increase or decrease the level of melanin and generate essential skin problems, such as hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation. Accordingly, inhibitors or activators of pigment formation are desirable for medical and cosmetic industry. Such properties may be exhibited by molecules of plant origin. Therefore, that literature review presents reports on plant extracts, pure compounds and compositions that may modulate melanin production in living organisms. The potential of plants in the therapy of pigmentation disorders has been highlighted.

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“…Other studies also revealed that -keto group in mangosteen peel have a structure such as dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) or tyrosine that could prevent melanogenesis in skin-induced UVB radiation [15], [16]. Physical and chemical characterization of mangosteen peel has been already reported by previous studies [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]; however, the potency of the mangosteen peel extract-based cream and its mechanism in skin hyperpigmentation is still unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The previous studies reported that the mangosteen peel contains phenolic and flavonoid polyphenols, both of which include phenol rings with one or more hydroxyl substituents that may scavenge ROS as a result of exposure to UVB radiation [13], [14]. Other studies also revealed that -keto group in mangosteen peel have a structure such as dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) or tyrosine that could prevent melanogenesis in skin-induced UVB radiation [15], [16]. Physical and chemical characterization of mangosteen peel has been already reported by previous studies [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]; however, the potency of the mangosteen peel extract-based cream and its mechanism in skin hyperpigmentation is still unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mangosteen Peel Ethyl Acetate Extract-based Cream Inhibits Ultraviolet-B Radiation-induced Hyperpigmentation in Guinea Pig Skin

Harlisa¹,

Kariosentono

Purwanto

et al. 2022

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is the main factor causing the aberrant melanin pigments leading to skin hyperpigmentation. Retinoic acid and hydroquinone are the primary preference for the skin whitening agents in preventing hyperpigmentation. However, these treatments could induce slight-to-severe irritation leading to skin cancer. Mangosteen peel possesses α-mangostin, the primary constituent of xanthones in mangosteen peel that has potency as an anti-tyrosinase for treating issues of skin hyperpigmentation. AIM: This study aims to demonstrate the capacity of mangosteen peel ethyl acetate extract-based cream in inhibiting the UVB radiation-induced skin hyperpigmentation in guinea pig. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 25 female guinea pigs were used to produce UVB-irradiated skin hyperpigmentation model. Guinea pig skins were treated with 12% mangosteen ethyl acetate extract-based cream. Mushroom tyrosinase inhibitor activity was used to evaluate the capacity of mangosteen extract in inhibiting tyrosinase activity in vitro. The melanin index in guinea pig skin after treatments was analyzed using a mexameter. The percentage of epidermal melanin-contained keratinocytes of skin tissues were analyzed using masson fontana. Pmel17 expression in cell surface was determined using immunohistochemistry. The level of tyrosinase in tissue homogenates was analyzed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: Mangosteen peel ethyl acetate extract showed potent inhibitory activity against the mushroom tyrosinase. Its-based cream decreased melanin index, epidermal melanin, Pmel17 expression, and tyrosinase level in hyperpigmentation skin tissues. CONCLUSION: Overall, our study demonstrates the capacity of mangosteen peel ethyl acetate extract-based cream in inhibiting the UVB radiation-induced skin hyperpigmentation in guinea pig.

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The Modulation of Melanogenesis in B16 Cells Upon Treatment with Plant Extracts and Isolated Plant Compounds

Cited by 19 publications

References 166 publications

Imperatorin Positively Regulates Melanogenesis through Signaling Pathways Involving PKA/CREB, ERK, AKT, and GSK3β/β-Catenin

Imperatorin Positively Regulates Melanogenesis through Signaling Pathways Involving PKA/CREB, ERK, AKT, and GSK3β/β-Catenin

Plants as Modulators of Melanogenesis: Role of Extracts, Pure Compounds and Patented Compositions in Therapy of Pigmentation Disorders

The Mangosteen Peel Ethyl Acetate Extract-based Cream Inhibits Ultraviolet-B Radiation-induced Hyperpigmentation in Guinea Pig Skin

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