The Monolithic Integration of GaAs–AlGaAs-Based Unitraveling-Carrier Photodiodes With Zn-Diffusion Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers With Extremely High Data Rate/Power Consumption Ratios

Shi, Jin‐Wei; Kuo, F.-M.; Hsu, T.-C.; Yang, Yao‐Joe; Joel, A.; Mattingley, Mark; Chyi, Jen‐Inn

doi:10.1109/lpt.2009.2028240

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…However, this mode-number-confined design reduces the lasing power and enlarges the differential resistance to concurrently reduce modulation efficiency and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) [21,22]. Alternative methods have emerged to improve the modulation bandwidth, such as photonic-crystal (PhC) engineering of the MM-VCSEL cavity to control mode numbers [23][24][25], using zinc-diffusion in distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) for impedance matching [26][27][28], applying surface overlayer coating or chemical processing to reduce capacitance [29][30][31], etc. Additionally, the coupling efficiency of MM-VCSEL output has been enhanced using MMF fibers with either flattened and lensed end-faces under different tilting angles or coupling schemes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Photonic Crystal Engineering of a Multi-Mode VCSEL for a Bit-Loaded Broadband QAM-OFDM Data Link at 99 Gbit/s

et al. 2023

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Bit-loaded quadrature amplitude modulation-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (QAM-OFDM) encoding and photonic-crystal-engineered multi-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (MM-VCSELs) transmission performance are analyzed. Two different surface photonic-crystal designs are used to configure the core and cladding regions of MM-VCSELs, producing continuous-wave and digital-encoding outputs. These outputs are combined with the end-face-flattened OM5 multi-mode fiber (MMF) for 100 m short-reach transmission. The photonic-crystal (PhC) structure exhibits a spatial mode-filtering ability, supporting few or single-mode outputs from the MM-VCSEL. This helps reduce the modal dispersion during OM5-MMF transmission of the encoded data. Comparing the original MM-VCSEL with two different surface-photonic-crystal-configured MM-VCSELs, the allowable bit-loaded QAM-OFDM data rate can be increased from 60.7 (for the VCSEL without the PhC structure) to 85/65 Gbit/s (for the PhC VCSELs with 2-layer PhC structures in the cladding layer and the ones with a 1-layer PhC structure in the core layer and 2-layer PhC structures in the cladding layer, respectively) under back-to-back (BtB) encoding and enable the 100 m OM5-MMF transmission to increase from 58.5 (for the VCSEL without the PhC structure) to 81.2/64.6 Gbit/s (for the PhC VCSELs with 2-layer PhC structures in the cladding layer and the ones with a 1-layer PhC structure in the core layer and 2-layer PhC structures in the cladding layer), respectively. Furthermore, by comparing the 7°-titled and 0°-normalized vertical coupling conditions, it can be observed that the purely normalized vertical coupling can collect more output power, resulting in an improved signal-to-noise ratio. This significantly increases the allowable error-free data rate from 85 to 98.9 Gbit/s in the BtB case and from 81.2 Gbit/s to 95.3 Gbit/s in the 100 m OM5-MMF case.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Photonic Crystal Engineering of a Multi-Mode VCSEL for a Bit-Loaded Broadband QAM-OFDM Data Link at 99 Gbit/s

et al. 2023

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Bias-Free Operational UTC-PD above 110 GHz and Its Application to High Baud Rate Fixed-Fiber Communication and W-Band Photonic Wireless Communication

Umezawa

Kanno

Kashima

et al. 2016

J. Lightwave Technol.

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We present the design of a bias-free uni-travelling-carrier photodiode (UTC-PD) that is operational above 110 GHz, and its application to 100-Gbaud fixed-fiber communication and 109-GHz carrier-photonic wireless communication, for advanced optical networks. The design and analysis for bias-free operation were explained in detail using the carrier concentration in the photo-absorption layer and carrier collector layer. In the experimental results, the developed UTC-PD with back-illuminated structure exhibited a wide 3-dB bandwidth of over 110 GHz at 0 V. For fixed-fiber communications, a high-baud-rate photoreceiver based on the UTC-PD was fabricated. Eye diagrams showed clear openings at up to 107 Gbaud and high photo-currents of 3-7 mA at 100 GHz signal light were observed at zero-bias. Assuming photonic wireless communication using photonic power supply through optical fiber, the developed UTC-PD contributed to reducing bias feeds to the photoreceiver module. Additionally, low power consumption was achieved when using the newly developed 110 GHz InP-PHEMT amplifier with the UTC-PD.Index Terms-Bias free, UTC-PD, high baud rate optical fiber communications, high carrier frequency photonic wireless communication, low power consumption, high gain

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High-Speed 850 nm Photodetector for Zero-Bias Operation

Xie

Zhou

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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The Monolithic Integration of GaAs–AlGaAs-Based Unitraveling-Carrier Photodiodes With Zn-Diffusion Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers With Extremely High Data Rate/Power Consumption Ratios

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Surface Photonic Crystal Engineering of a Multi-Mode VCSEL for a Bit-Loaded Broadband QAM-OFDM Data Link at 99 Gbit/s

Surface Photonic Crystal Engineering of a Multi-Mode VCSEL for a Bit-Loaded Broadband QAM-OFDM Data Link at 99 Gbit/s

Bias-Free Operational UTC-PD above 110 GHz and Its Application to High Baud Rate Fixed-Fiber Communication and W-Band Photonic Wireless Communication

High-Speed 850 nm Photodetector for Zero-Bias Operation

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