The Moon: An Archive of Small Body Migration in the Solar System

Joy, K. H.; Crawford, Ian; Curran, N. M.; Zolensky, M. E.; Fagan, A. L.; Kring, D. A.

doi:10.1007/s11038-016-9495-0

Cited by 70 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 177 publications

(197 reference statements)

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“…Exceptions to this rule occur at the lunar surface, especially at the Apollo 16 site, where rare oxidized minerals (Joy et al. 2015), and akagenite (FeOOH; Taylor et al. 1973), and lawrencite (FeCl 2 ; Shearer et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, many demonstrably impact‐contaminated rocks at the lunar surface have metal grains with high Ni and low Co contents, consistent with originating from an impactor with chondritic or iron meteorite composition (e.g., Goldstein and Yakowitz 1971; Hewins and Goldstein 1975; Misra and Taylor 1975; Mehta and Goldstein 1980; Joy et al. 2016). The compositions of iron meteorites and chondrites for Ni and Co are well established, with bulk rock Ni/Co of ≥20.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Metal grains in lunar rocks as indicators of igneous and impact processes

Day

2020

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Anhedral metal grains of >micrometer size occur in many lunar rock types, including mare basalts, magnesian suite rocks (MGS), ferroan anorthosites (FAN), and impact melt rocks and breccias. Some metal grains are inherited from, or modified by, impactors striking the Moon into crustal materials. These grains have high Ni/Co resulting from the addition of chondritic or iron impactors. Metal grains in mare basalts, FAN, and MGS have Ni/Co ranging from >20 to <1, being generally distinct from impactor compositions. Nickel and Co behave as compatible elements in lunar melts, with parental melts having between~40-50 ppm Co,~40-60 ppm Ni, and Ni/Co~1. These compositions suggest a bulk silicate Moon (BSM) with Ni some three times lower than in bulk silicate Earth. Modeling of Ni and Co during fractional crystallization of mafic mare basalt parental melts originating from a BSM source predicts high Ni/Co metals form during early olivine fractionation. The combined effects of pyroxene AE plagioclase crystallization and increasing but variable compatibility of Ni and Co during basaltic melt evolution can explain the generation of low Ni/Co metals in more differentiated mare basalts. High-Ti mare basalts have metal with low Ni/Co, but the crystallization of ilmenite and armalcoite restricts the range of Ni and Co in metal. Collectively, these results are consistent with metal grains in mare basalts forming solely through endogenous processes. Measurement of metal grains represents a rapid way for determining endogenous (e.g., lunar interior melts) versus exogenous (e.g., impact contamination) processes acting on lunar samples. In turn, the presence of low Ni/Co metal grains in mare basalts supports their origin as uncontaminated partial melts originating from lunar mantle sources that may have experienced loss of Ni to a small lunar core.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Metal grains in lunar rocks as indicators of igneous and impact processes

Day

2020

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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“…Extraterrestrial material that falls to Earth is heated, ablated, and can break up during its passage through the atmosphere. Any surviving rock fragments that reach Earth's surface are termed meteorites and provide a tangible link to the evolution and composition of the solar system at different stages in its history (Joy et al, 2016;Schmitz et al, 2016;DeMeo, 2017;Heck et al, 2017;). Present estimates for the flux of extraterrestrial material falling to Earth's surface rely upon either short-duration fireball monitoring networks (Halliday et al, 1996;Bland et al, 2012;Howie et al, 2017) or spatially limited ground-based meteorite searches from hot deserts (Bland et al, 1996;Gattacceca et al, 2011;Hutzler et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spatial flux of Earth’s meteorite falls found via Antarctic data

Evatt

Smedley

Joy

et al. 2020

Geology

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Contemporary calculations for the flux of extraterrestrial material falling to the Earth’s surface (each event referred to as a “fall”) rely upon either short-duration fireball monitoring networks or spatially limited ground-based meteorite searches. To date, making accurate fall flux estimates from the much-documented meteorite stranding zones of Antarctica has been prohibited due to complicating glacial ice dynamics and difficulties in pairing together distinct meteorite samples originating from the same fall. Through glaciological analysis and use of meteorite collection data, we demonstrate how to overcome these barriers to making flux estimates. Furthermore, by showing that a clear latitudinal variation in fall frequencies exists and then modeling its mathematical form, we are able to expand our Antarctic result to a global setting. In this way, we hereby provide the most accurate contemporary fall flux estimates for anywhere on Earth. Inverting the methodology provides a valuable tool for planning new meteorite collection missions to unvisited regions of Antarctica. Our modeling also enables a reassessment of the risk to Earth from larger meteoroid impacts—now 12% higher at the equator and 27% lower at the poles than if the flux were globally uniform.

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“…Although exogenic mineral and lithic components (e.g., chondrite and iron meteorites) could be preserved in polymict lunar breccias (e.g., Day et al 2006;Joy et al 2012Joy et al , 2016, the mineralogy of clasts V1-V5 suggest that these clasts have a lunar origin. Evidence includes that (1) the anorthitic nature of plagioclase (An 94.7-97.7 ; Fig.…”

Section: Discussion Lunar Origin Of the Olivine Veinlet-bearing Clastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and implications of secondary olivine veinlets in lunar highland breccia Northwest Africa 11273

Zeng

Joy

et al. 2019

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Lunar breccias preserve the records of geologic processes on the Moon. In this study, we report the occurrence, petrography, mineralogy, and geologic significance of the observed secondary olivine veinlets in lunar feldspathic breccia meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 11273. Bulk-rock composition measurements show that this meteorite is geochemically similar to other lunar highland meteorites. In NWA 11273, five clasts are observed to host veinlets that are dominated by interconnecting olivine mineral grains. The host clasts are mainly composed of mafic minerals (i.e., pyroxene and olivine) and probably sourced from a basaltic lithology. The studied olivine veinlets (~5 to 30 lm in width) are distributed within the mafic mineral host, but do not extend into the adjacent plagioclase. Chemically, these olivine veinlets are Fe-richer (Fo 41.4-51.9), compared with other olivine grains (Fo 54.3-83.1) in lithic clasts and matrix of NWA 11273. By analogy with the secondary olivine veinlets observed in meteorites from asteroid Vesta (howardite-eucrite-diogenite group samples) and lunar mare samples, our study suggests that the newly observed olivine veinlets in NWA 11273 are likely formed by secondary deposition from a lunar fluid, rather than by crystallization from a high-temperature silicate melt. Such fluid could be sulfur-and phosphorous-poor and likely had an endogenic origin on the Moon. The new occurrence of secondary olivine veinlets in breccia NWA 11273 reveals that the fluid mobility and deposition could be a previously underappreciated geological process on the Moon.

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The Moon: An Archive of Small Body Migration in the Solar System

Cited by 70 publications

References 177 publications

Metal grains in lunar rocks as indicators of igneous and impact processes

Metal grains in lunar rocks as indicators of igneous and impact processes

The spatial flux of Earth’s meteorite falls found via Antarctic data

Occurrence and implications of secondary olivine veinlets in lunar highland breccia Northwest Africa 11273

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