“…Secondary neurulation has since been described in many vertebrate groups, including lampreys ( Lampetra japonica ), neopterygian fishes (Teleostei, Lepidosteus , Amia ), various sarcopterygian fishes ( Lepidosiren , Protopterus ), frogs ( Xenopus laevis ), birds (chick and quail), and mammals (rat, mouse, opossum, pig, hamster and human) (Kingsbury, 1932;Criley, 1969;Hughes & Freeman, 1974;Schoenwolf & DeLongo, 1980;Balinsky, 1981;Nakao & Ishizawa, 1984;Schoenwolf, 1984;Müller & O'Rahilly, 1987;Zehr et al 1989;Griffith et al 1992;Nievelstein et al 1993;Papan & Campos-Ortega, 1994;Schmitz et al 1994;Hall, 1998;Beck & Slack, 1999). In secondary neurulation, tail bud tissue condenses to form a solid medullary cord (or neural keel) that cavitates (i.e.…”