The morphological study on the adrenal gland of African ostrich chicks

Tang, Li; Peng, Kaiman; Wang, Jiaxiang; Luo, Houqiang; Jin, Cheng; Zhang, Gao-ying; Sun, Yangyang; Liu, Huazhen; Song, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.tice.2008.11.003

Cited by 17 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…There is one possible explanation that the nuclei of cells in the CZ are more highly developed than those in the SZ and PZ. However, on average, the diameters of cell nuclei of medullary cells in our study were inconsistent with those of Tang et al (2009), who found that the medullary cell nuclei in ostrich chicks were approximately 8 μm in diameter. Moreover, Hodges (1974) found the mean diameter of the nuclei in medullary cells in domestic hens to be 6.7 μm.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the right adrenal gland was, on average, significantly thicker (P＜ 0.01) than the left one. Similar studies reported that the adrenal gland thickness was 4 to 5 mm in the chicken (Hodges, 1974) and 0.3 cm in the ostrich chick (Tang et al, 2009). To the best of our knowledge, no publication exists on this topic in the literature; thus, no comparisons of the right and left adrenal glands could be made with other studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Regarding weight, the right adrenal gland was significantly (P＜0.01) wider than the left in our study. Tang et al (2009) found the ostrich chick adrenal gland to be 0.6 cm in width, while Müller (1929) found an average 8 mm width in the domestic hen. Finally, the right adrenal gland was, on average, significantly thicker (P＜ 0.01) than the left one.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the weight of the right adrenal gland was significantly lighter than that of the left one (P＜0.01). Wells and Wight (1971) reported that the weight of the adrenal gland was 100 to 200 mg in the chicken and 0.45±0.04 g in the ostrich chick (Tang et al, 2009). The weight of adrenal glands varies considerably according to species, breed, age, health, and various environmental factors (Wells and Wight, 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of length, our present result indicated that the left adrenal gland was significantly (P＜0.01) longer than the right one. In relevant studies in other species, the length was recorded as 2.0 to 3.0 cm in the ostrich (Tang et al, 2009) and 13 mm in the chicken (Hodges, 1974). Regarding weight, the right adrenal gland was significantly (P＜0.01) wider than the left in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Histological Studies on the Adrenal Gland of the Chicken (Gallus domesticus)

2012

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Morphological and histological studies of the adrenal gland of the adult White Leghorn chicken (Gallus domesticus) were performed. Macro-and microscopic observations of azan-or formal-dichromate stained (to observe the chromaffin reaction of adrenal medulla) sections were conducted. The right and left adrenal glands differed in shape, position, weight, length, width and thickness. The adrenal glands were encapsulated with a thin connective tissue containing blood vessels. The adrenal parenchyma was composed of two main tissue types, the cortex and medulla; these were mixed throughout the organ. The adrenal gland could be divided into a subcapsular layer, peripheral zone, and central zone. The whole subcapsular layer was occupied by medulla, and the proportion of medulla in the central zone (49.7%) was larger than that in the peripheral zone (24.8%). Approximately 60% of the adrenal gland was cortex, 39% was medulla, and the remaining 1% was sinusoids. The adrenal cortico-medullary ratio in the adult chicken was approximately 1.6:1. Cortical cells were arranged in columns with a small, round to slightly oval, eccentric nucleus approximately 4 μm in diameter. Medullary cells were polygonal in shape with a large, spherical, centrally placed nucleus approximately 5 μm in diameter.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Histological Studies on the Adrenal Gland of the Chicken (Gallus domesticus)

2012

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Endocrine System

Lopez‐Bejar

2024

Anatomy and Histology of the Domestic Chicken

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Morphological and histological studies of the adrenal gland in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)

El‐Desoky

Mustafa

2021

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The adrenal gland is a vital endocrine gland that secretes many important hormones in everyday bird life. The adrenal gland of the Japanese quail is grossly located ventromedially the corresponding kidney and has a creamy to yellow color. The quail gland is surrounded by a capsule and contains some ganglionic cells, and the capsule is characterized by the presence of chromaffin cells. The adrenal gland is subdivided into three concentric zones: subcapsular, peripheral, and central. The parenchyma consists of interrenal tissue, chromaffin islets, and blood sinusoids. The interrenal cells contain lipid droplets, are arranged in cords, and rest on the basement membrane. Chromaffin cells are categorized as two types: epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) cells. These cells contain the granules, and are characterized by the presence of lipid droplets. In this study, the interrenal tissue was found to have a higher proportion of chromaffin cells in quail as compared with other birds, which is attributed to the fact that the Japanese quail is a migratory bird. Therefore, the present investigation aims to provide a detailed study on the adrenal gland in the Japanese quail to help physiologists understand the gland's function and the pathologist to determine the implications for the differential diagnosis of adrenal gland tumors. Highlights The adrenal gland is subdivided into three concentric zones: subcapsular, peripheral, and central. The interrenal cells contain lipid droplets, are arranged in cords. Chromaffin cells are categorized as two types: epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) cells. These cells contain the granules, and are characterized by the presence of lipid droplets. The interrenal tissue was found to have a higher proportion of chromaffin cells in quail because it is a migratory bird.

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The morphological study on the adrenal gland of African ostrich chicks

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Morphological and Histological Studies on the Adrenal Gland of the Chicken (Gallus domesticus)

Morphological and Histological Studies on the Adrenal Gland of the Chicken (Gallus domesticus)

Endocrine System

Morphological and histological studies of the adrenal gland in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)

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