The morphology of the tarsal glands and the glands of the third eyelid in the one-humped camel

Microstructure of the eye tunics, eyelids and ocular glands of the Sulawesi bear cuscus (Ailurops ursinusTemminck, 1824) (Phalangeridae: Marsupialia) based on anatomical, histological and histochemical studies

“…We made a similar finding in the Sulawesi bear cuscus. Our findings as well as those carried out on the red kangaroo (Klećkowska-Nawrot, Goździewska-Harłajczuk, ) and other animals revealed the presence of numerous tarsal glands-yellow columns arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the posterior palpebral margin (Al-Ramadan, 2015;Fahmy, Arnautovic, & Abdal, 1971;Gilbart, Rossi, & Heyda, 1989;Hoffman, Miller, Marchinton, & Osborn, 1997;Knop & Knop, 2009;Osborn et al, 2000;Rehorek, Hillenius, Leigh, et al 2010;Sullivan, Dartt, & Meneray, 1998). The secretion from the tarsal glands forms an oil layer of tear film that covers the aqueous component of the tear film, preventing excess water evaporation (Butovich, Lu, McMahon, & Eule, 2012;Knop & Knop, 2009;Korb & Greiner, 1994;Korb et al, 1996;Mishima & Maurice, 1961).…”

“…Similarly, Constantinescu and Moore (1998) and Slatter (2005) reported the presence of cilia only in the upper eyelids in dogs, cats, horses, cattle, sheep and pigs, while few cilia were present in the lower eyelid in horses, sheep and cattle. Our findings as well as those carried out on the red kangaroo (Klećkowska-Nawrot, Goździewska-Harłajczuk, ) and other animals revealed the presence of numerous tarsal glands-yellow columns arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the posterior palpebral margin (Al-Ramadan, 2015;Fahmy, Arnautovic, & Abdal, 1971;Gilbart, Rossi, & Heyda, 1989;Hoffman, Miller, Marchinton, & Osborn, 1997;Knop & Knop, 2009;Osborn et al, 2000;Rehorek, Hillenius, Leigh, et al 2010;Sullivan, Dartt, & Meneray, 1998). According to Kempster et al (2002), thickened eyelashes were present in the upper and lower eyelids in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus).…”

Histology, histochemistry and fine structure of the Harderian gland, lacrimal gland and superficial gland of the third eyelid of the European bison, Bison bonasus bonasus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)

“…However, statistically significant sexual differences in the SGTE of the European bison have not been found. In this research, the SGTE of the European bison was elongated and brightly colored, unlike in camel, whose SGTE is oval and irregular in outline (FAHMY et al 1971). The secretory cells of the SGTE in the European bison are mucoserous, while they have a typical appearance of serous cells in the camel (FAHMY et al 1971).…”

“…In the literature, the morphology of the HG, LG and SGTE glands was described for many animals (ALSAFY 2010, CABRAL et al 2005, FAHMY et al 1971, GARGULIO et al 2000, HENKER et al 2013, SAKAI 1989 including the American bison (PINARD et al 2003b). The European bison is classified as an endangered species.…”