2018
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0435-2
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The mosquito holobiont: fresh insight into mosquito-microbiota interactions

Abstract: The holobiont concept was first developed for coral ecosystems but has been extended to multiple organisms, including plants and other animals. Studies on insect-associated microbial communities have produced strong evidence that symbiotic bacteria play a major role in host biology. However, the understanding of these symbiotic relationships has mainly been limited to phytophagous insects, while the role of host-associated microbiota in haematophagous insect vectors remains largely unexplored. Mosquitoes are a… Show more

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Cited by 222 publications
(251 citation statements)
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References 153 publications
(211 reference statements)
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“…It also means that larvae from a given site can harbor similar communities of gut microbes but adults collected from a given local area can exhibit high levels of variation due to heterogeneity between larval sites [1416, 35, 45]. In addition, while bacteria in particular phyla or classes are commonly found in mosquitoes, no evidence currently indicates that particular species of mosquitoes across their geographic range host a ‘core’ microbiota that always includes particular microbes [10, 12]. Instead, current results indicate that environment dominates over genetics in shaping the gut microbiota of mosquitoes, which is a similar conclusion to studies of other insects and vertebrates that acquire their gut microbiota from the environment [49, 65].…”
Section: Composition Of the Gut Microbiotamentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…It also means that larvae from a given site can harbor similar communities of gut microbes but adults collected from a given local area can exhibit high levels of variation due to heterogeneity between larval sites [1416, 35, 45]. In addition, while bacteria in particular phyla or classes are commonly found in mosquitoes, no evidence currently indicates that particular species of mosquitoes across their geographic range host a ‘core’ microbiota that always includes particular microbes [10, 12]. Instead, current results indicate that environment dominates over genetics in shaping the gut microbiota of mosquitoes, which is a similar conclusion to studies of other insects and vertebrates that acquire their gut microbiota from the environment [49, 65].…”
Section: Composition Of the Gut Microbiotamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, only in the last 10 years have these microbial communities and their roles in mosquito biology been more broadly studied. Results summarized in several recent reviews indicate that the gut microbiota of adult mosquitoes can both positively and negatively affect vector competency, which refers to the ability of females to acquire, maintain, and transmit vertebrate pathogens [710]. This short summary focuses on how mosquitoes acquire a gut microbiota, community composition, and known effects on larval development and adult physiology.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…quinquefasciatus . A variety of bacterial phyla were present in mosquito guts and bodies and shared among mosquito species, including Actinobacteria , Bacteroidetes , Firmicutes , Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria , though whether the bacteria shared by different mosquito species or by different mosquito populations of the same species are core bacteria remains unknown (see review by Guegan et al., ). Throughout their life cycle, mosquitoes continuously encounter microorganisms, particularly in the larval stage, where their aquatic habitat harbours a high diversity of bacteria.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…First, we observed that more active bacterial and fungal genera were enriched in males than in females, demonstrating specificity according to the sex of mosquitoes. This impact of sex on gut microbiota composition and diversity is well known since mosquito trophic and ecological behaviours deeply influence the outcome of the gut microbial structure (Minard et al ., ; Guégan et al ., ). Moreover, this differential enrichment of bacteria and fungi in females and males suggests a putative competitiveness or a synergy between active bacteria and fungi for fructose assimilation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Some bacteria were shown to inhibit the development of viral pathogens and parasites indirectly by stimulating the mosquito immune system and/or directly by producing antimicrobial peptides (Hegde et al ., ; Saraiva et al ., ). Recent advances have also pointed out a role of the microbiota in many other key mosquito functions (Minard et al ., ; Guégan et al ., ). Some microorganisms, including both bacteria and yeasts, are necessary for larval growth and development (Mitraka et al ., ; Coon et al ., , ; Díaz‐Nieto et al ., ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 97%