The motility of the pelvic colon: 1 Motility in normals and in patients with asymptomatic duodenal ulcer

Connell, Alastair M.

doi:10.1136/gut.2.2.175

Cited by 86 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Thus, it appears that phasic giant contractions are another sign of rectal hyperreactivity caused by loss of central inhibitory modulation. Spontaneous phasic contractions with the same frequency of three per minute have been found in healthy subjects [34][35][36][37][38] and have been termed the rectal motor complex. 35,36,38 Sympathetic innervation is believed to increase tone of the external anal sphincter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rectal Wall Properties in Patients With Acute and Chronic Spinal Cord Lesions

Krogh¹,

Mosdal²,

Gregersen³

et al. 2002

Diseases of the Colon &Amp; Rectum

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Rectal tone is stimulated by the sacral spinal cord but inhibited by supraspinal centers within the central nervous system. Likewise, rectal contractility is inhibited by supraspinal centers, and the rectoanal inhibitory reflex is stimulated by the sacral spinal cord. Alterations caused by either type of spinal cord lesion are present after one to four weeks and do not change significantly within the first year.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rectal Wall Properties in Patients With Acute and Chronic Spinal Cord Lesions

Krogh¹,

Mosdal²,

Gregersen³

et al. 2002

Diseases of the Colon &Amp; Rectum

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“…The motility index, usually calcu lated as the product of mean wave amplitude and per centage of wave duration [6], was calculated in the present study from the tracing areas, obtained by pla nimetry. With the paper rate and pressure calibration employed, the unitary area (1 cm2) corresponds to 250 mm Hg • s (12.5 mm Hg X 20 s).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pentagastrin on the Motor Activity of the Dilated and Nondilated Sigmoid and Rectum in Chagas’ Disease

et al. 1983

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In order to evaluate the effect of pentagastrin on the motor activity of the sigmoid and rectum in patients with Chagas’ disease, manometric studies were performed on 22 chagasic patients, 11 without and 11 with megacolon, and 11 control subjects. Pentagastrin had a stimulating effect on the sigmoid and rectum in control subjects as well as in chagasic patients without megacolon. In chagasic patients with megacolon, pentagastrin had no effect on sigmoid or rectum motility, probably as a result of the intrinsic denervation known to occur in this disease. The findings suggest that the motor effect of pentagastrin on the human sigmoid and rectum depends on the myenteric nervous pathways.

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“…Slow waves in the human ileum were measured at 6.5-9.3/min (50). Several studies (8,21,47) reported that slow-wave frequency decreased from 11/min in the duodenum to 6/min in the human ileum. In the present study, no frequency gradient was detected in the isolated segments, probably because they were of insufficient length.…”

Section: Myogenic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurally mediated propagating discrete clustered contractions superimposed on myogenic ripples in ex vivo segments of human ileum

Kuizenga

Sia

Dodds

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Kuizenga MH, Sia TC, Dodds KN, Wiklendt L, Arkwright JW, Thomas A, Brookes SJ, Spencer NJ, Wattchow DA, Dinning PG, Costa M. Neurally mediated propagating discrete clustered contractions superimposed on myogenic ripples in ex vivo segments of human ileum. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 308: G1-G11, 2015. First published November 13, 2014; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00230.2014.-Narrow muscle strips have been extensively used to study intestinal contractility. Larger specimens from laboratory animals have provided detailed understanding of mechanisms that underlie patterned intestinal motility. Despite progress in animal tissue, investigations of motor patterns in large, intact specimens of human gut ex vivo have been sparse. In this study, we tested whether neurally dependent motor patterns could be detected in isolated specimens of intact human ileum. Specimens (n ϭ 14; 7-30 cm long) of terminal ileum were obtained with prior informed consent from patients undergoing colonic surgery for removal of carcinomas. Preparations were set up in an organ bath with an array of force transducers, a fiberoptic manometry catheter, and a video camera. Spontaneous and distension-evoked motor activity was recorded, and the effects of lidocaine, which inhibits neural activity, were studied. Myogenic contractions (ripples) occurred in all preparations (6.17 Ϯ 0.36/min). They were of low amplitude and formed complex patterns by colliding and propagating in both directions along the specimen at anterograde velocities of 4.1 Ϯ 0.3 mm/s and retrogradely at 4.9 Ϯ 0.6 mm/s. In five specimens, larger amplitude clusters of contractions were seen (discrete clustered contractions), which propagated aborally at 1.05 Ϯ 0.13 mm/s and orally at 1.07 Ϯ 0.09 mm/s. These consisted of two to eight phasic contractions that aligned with ripples. These motor patterns were abolished by addition of lidocaine (0.3 mM). The ripples continued unchanged in the presence of this neural blocking agent. These results demonstrate that both myogenic and neurogenic motor patterns can be studied in isolated specimens of human small intestine. small intestine; motor patterns; enteric nervous system; myogenic; neurogenic PROPULSION AND MIXING OF INTESTINAL CONTENTS along the digestive tract are essential for normal digestion. The motor patterns underlying these functions are due to the coordinated contractions and relaxations of the smooth muscle layers of the intestine. The internal circular smooth muscle layer and the external longitudinal smooth muscle layer are controlled by two main mechanisms. Myogenic activity is driven by the nonneural pacemaker cells, the interstitial cells of Cajal. Neurogenic control is mediated by circuits in the enteric nervous system. These two types of activity combine to generate the motor patterns that mix and propel luminal content (14,29). Most of our understanding of these mechanisms has been derived from animal studies. Although the basic functions of the gastrointestinal tract are similar between human and animals, there are si...

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The motility of the pelvic colon: 1 Motility in normals and in patients with asymptomatic duodenal ulcer

Cited by 86 publications

References 15 publications

Rectal Wall Properties in Patients With Acute and Chronic Spinal Cord Lesions

Rectal Wall Properties in Patients With Acute and Chronic Spinal Cord Lesions

Effect of Pentagastrin on the Motor Activity of the Dilated and Nondilated Sigmoid and Rectum in Chagas’ Disease

Neurally mediated propagating discrete clustered contractions superimposed on myogenic ripples in ex vivo segments of human ileum

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