The Mountain-Plains Circulation East of a 2-km-High North–South Barrier

Wolyn, Paul G.; McKee, Thomas B.

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1994)122<1490:tmpceo>2.0.co;2

Cited by 42 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…4, showing that from early afternoon to early morning, the high-occurrence region of CI propagated southeastward (i.e., from mountains to plains, then to ocean). The diurnal variations of warm-season precipitation over northern China have similar characteristics (Wolyn and Mckee, 1994;He and Zhang, 2010). Figure 5b shows the diurnal variation of CI-top height.…”

Section: Terrain Influencementioning

confidence: 88%

“…Figure 5a shows that the peak of CI density over mountains occurred in the afternoon, implying that mountains were more conducive to CI in the afternoon. This was likely caused by solar heating along the mountain slopes (Wolyn and Mckee, 1994;He and Zhang, 2010). The peak of CI density over plains occurred near midnight, while the peak of CI density over ocean occurred a few hours later in the early morning.…”

Section: Terrain Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Statistical characteristics of convective initiation in the Beijing-Tianjin region revealed by six-year radar data

2014

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Characteristics of convective initiation (CI) in the Beijing-Tianjin region during the warm season of 2008-2013 are examined. A total of 38877 CI cases are identified by a thunderstorm identification, tracking, analysis, and nowcasting algorithm. CI cases are evaluated in the context of associated terrain, weather systems, and land cover properties. The spatial distribution of all CI cases shows that there are dense CI activities around the 200-m elevation, which means that convective storms are more easily triggered over foothills. From 1500-1800 to 0300-0600 BT (Beijing Time), the high-occurrence CI region tends to propagate southeastward (i.e., from mountains to plains, then to ocean). Among the four local weather systems, the Mongolian cold vortex has the highest CI frequency while the after-trough system has the lowest CI frequency. For the land cover relationships with CI, the urban land cover has the highest CI density and the forest-type land cover has the second highest CI density; these two types of land cover are more conducive to CI formation. , 2014: Statistical characteristics of convective initiation in the Beijing-Tianjin region revealed by six-year radar data.

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Section: Terrain Influencementioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Terrain Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical characteristics of convective initiation in the Beijing-Tianjin region revealed by six-year radar data

2014

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“…Past studies have found that the diurnal cycle of the MPS is composed of four stages: developing and peak daytime and nighttime phases (Wolyn and McKee, 1994;Zhang and Koch, 2000;Koch et al, 2001;Huang et al, 2010;Sun and Zhang, 2012). HZ10 discussed the characteristics of the MPS during these four different stages over northern China.…”

Section: Diurnal Variation Of the Mps Circulation And Its Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, existing observation networks or analysis datasets are unable to resolve the MPS structure and evolution, as well as the interactions of the MPS and the diurnal precipitation, in detail. High-resolution simulations have already been used to analyze the evolution of the MPS circulation near different mountain ranges (e.g., Cotton, 1986, 1989;Wolyn and McKee, 1994;Zhang and Koch, 2000;Koch et al, 2001;Carbone and Tuttle, 2008;Trier et al 2006Trier et al , 2010Li and Simith, 2010;Pritchard et al, 2011;Laing et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the mountain–plains solenoid and cold pool dynamics on the diurnal variation of warm-season precipitation over northern China

Bao¹,

Zhang²

2013

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Convection-permitting numerical experiments using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model are performed to examine the impact of a thermally driven mountain–plains solenoid (MPS) on the diurnal variation of warm-season precipitation over northern China. The focus of the analyses is a 15-day simulation that uses the 8-day average of the NCEP GFS gridded analyses at 00:00 UT between 17 and 24 June 2004 for the initial conditions and the 8-day averages at 00:00, 06:00, 12:00, and 18:00 UT for the lateral boundary conditions. Despite differences in rainfall intensity and location, the control experiment captures the essence of the observed diurnal variation of warm-season precipitation in northern China. Consistent with observations, the simulated local precipitation peak initiates in the afternoon on the eastern edge and the immediate lee of the mountain ranges due to the upward branch of the MPS. The peak subsequently propagates downslope and southeastward along the steering-level mean flow, reaching the central North China Plain around midnight and early morning hours, resulting in a broad area of nocturnal precipitation maxima over the central plains. Sensitivity experiments show that, besides the impact of the MPS, cold pool dynamics play an essential role in the propagation and maintenance of the precipitation peak over the plains

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“…In addition to the diurnal cycle, a semi-diurnal cycle in precipitation is also found at the 99% significance level (Figures 2 and 5a). Possible causes of this semi-diurnal cycle include the mountain-plains solenoid [13], and perhaps less importantly, gravitational tides associated with the moon [14]. Feedback from precipitation to the land surface is an important factor to be considered in the precipitation process.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal Cycle of the North American Monsoon in a Mesoscale Model Simulation: Evolution of Key Parameters in Relation to Precipitation

Guan

Zheng

2011

Atmosphere

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Abstract:The diurnal cycle of the North American monsoon is analyzed based on the output from a mesoscale model simulation. Statistically significant diurnal cycle in precipitation is identified, with heavy precipitation-essentially convective-dominating in local afternoons. Temporal evolution of key parameters in relation to precipitation is investigated, based on which a sequence of the dynamic/thermodynamic processes underlying precipitation development is proposed. Particularly, the afternoon peak in precipitation is found preceded by enhanced static instability and low-level convergence.

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The Mountain-Plains Circulation East of a 2-km-High North–South Barrier

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Statistical characteristics of convective initiation in the Beijing-Tianjin region revealed by six-year radar data

Statistical characteristics of convective initiation in the Beijing-Tianjin region revealed by six-year radar data

Impacts of the mountain–plains solenoid and cold pool dynamics on the diurnal variation of warm-season precipitation over northern China

Diurnal Cycle of the North American Monsoon in a Mesoscale Model Simulation: Evolution of Key Parameters in Relation to Precipitation

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