The Multi-Stage Drawing Process of Zinc-Coated Medium-Carbon Steel Wires in Conventional and Hydrodynamic Dies

Suliga, M.; Wartacz, Radosław; Hawryluk, Marek

doi:10.3390/ma13214871

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The greater mass of the pure zinc phase on the drawn wires in the hydrodynamic method causes the production of a greater amount of corrosion products, which insulates and slows down the process. In addition, it should be taken into account that in the hydrodynamic method, the lower residual stresses than in the conventional method (confirmed in earlier work [ 40 ]) do not contribute to the detachment of the insulating layer of white corrosion, which is shown in Figure 11 . The results obtained from the percentage change in the mass of the samples confirmed the greater mass of the samples after two test cycles in the hydrodynamic method, but after cleaning, the greater weight loss was recorded for the conventional method.…”

Section: Corrosion Testsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The authors’ research published in paper [ 40 ] confirmed the significant influence of the drawing method on wire properties. The results of this work showed that, regardless of the drawing speed, the use of hydrodynamic dies has a positive effect on the drawing process and partially eliminates the negative influence of friction on the flow of the wire surface layer containing the zinc coating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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The Effect of Drawing in Conventional and Hydrodynamic Dies on Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Hot-Dip Galvanized Zinc Coatings on Medium-Carbon Steel Wire

Suliga

Wartacz²,

Hawryluk

et al. 2022

Materials

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The paper presents the impact of the drawing method on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of galvanized steel wires. The microstructural tests confirmed that, in the drawing speed range v = 5–20 m/s, the use of hydrodynamic dies creates more favorable conditions for the deformation of the soft zinc coating on the hard steel core. The increase in friction at the wire/die interface in the conventional method, as compared to the hydrodynamic method, contributed to the decrease in coating thickness and the increase in the diffusion layer, and the higher the drawing speed, the greater the differences between the analyzed drawing methods. In the conventional method, while drawing at high speeds v = 20 m/s, there was a two-way diffusion and complete remodeling of the ζ phase in δ1. In the hydrodynamic method, at the speed of 20 m/s, in the analyzed micro-areas, places showing the presence of the ζ phase, partially dispersed in the layer with pure zinc, were observed. A corrosion tests comparison between conventionally and hydrodynamically drawn wires showed an improved behavior of the latter. The greater mass in the surface layer of pure zinc, a substrate for the corrosion product in hydrodynamically drawn wires, reacted, creating insulation from the white corrosion produced. The compressive stresses in the hydrodynamic dies caused by the high pressure of the lubricant on the circumference of the wire closed the microcracks on its surface, which additionally sealed the zinc coating.

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Section: Corrosion Testsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Effect of Drawing in Conventional and Hydrodynamic Dies on Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Hot-Dip Galvanized Zinc Coatings on Medium-Carbon Steel Wire

Suliga

Wartacz²,

Hawryluk

et al. 2022

Materials

Self Cite

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“…Muskalski's previous work [7] described and simulated this effect as a phenomenon in which the molecules of lubricant adhere to the wire surface going into the pressure chamber as a thin gap layer between wire and die surfaces. In another recent work, Suliga [8] empirically determined that hydrodynamic lubrication allows to get the optimum tribological conditions at the wire/ die interface leading to obtain better results in the multistage wiredrawing process of medium carbon zinc-coated steel wires.…”

Section: The Role Of Friction In the Wiredrawing Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influences of the variable speed and internal die geometry on the performance of two commercial soluble oils in the drawing process of pure copper fine wire

Martínez

Rodríguez‐Alabanda

Prisco

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The cold wiredrawing process constitutes a classical-tribological system in which a stationary tribe-element (die) is in contact with a tribe-element in relative motion (wire) and both interacting with the interfacial tribe-element (lubricant). This condition is reflected in the effect of friction as a function of the drawing speed and temperature, and directly affects the wearing of the surface into the die and the final quality on the drawn wire. The aim of this work has been to determine the best conditions to process ETP-copper using two different types of oil/water emulsion lubricants. For this purpose, six different die geometries have been proposed and a set of tests have been carried out at different speeds (between 1 and 21 m/s) to determine those combinations that give a lower value in the required drawing force (Fd). The experiments allowed to know the friction coefficient (µ), the temperature profile inside the drawing die and in the lubricant and also the mean roughness (Ra) in the drawn product. The results have shown that drawing speeds above 10 m/s significantly decrease the drawing force and, as a consequence, the friction effect on the interface. The best results have been achieved in the combinations of the lower die angle (2β = 14°) with drawing speeds between 17 and 18 m/s with both types of lubricants used, obtaining the lower values of the friction coefficient between µ = 0.10–0.15 with the lubricant type D (Agip S234-60 oil at 7% concentration). It has been found that those tests carried out with dies with a smaller approach angle have generally made it possible to obtain better qualities in the final product. Additionally, FEM simulations have been done to analyse those cases with the lower values of µ, throwing values of Fd that are consistent with those measured in the experimental setting and allowing to better understand the behavior of the material as it passes through the die.

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High speed multi-stage drawing process of hot-dip galvanised steel wires

Suliga

Wartacz²,

Michalczyk

2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The Multi-Stage Drawing Process of Zinc-Coated Medium-Carbon Steel Wires in Conventional and Hydrodynamic Dies

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

The Effect of Drawing in Conventional and Hydrodynamic Dies on Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Hot-Dip Galvanized Zinc Coatings on Medium-Carbon Steel Wire

The Effect of Drawing in Conventional and Hydrodynamic Dies on Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Hot-Dip Galvanized Zinc Coatings on Medium-Carbon Steel Wire

The influences of the variable speed and internal die geometry on the performance of two commercial soluble oils in the drawing process of pure copper fine wire

High speed multi-stage drawing process of hot-dip galvanised steel wires

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