The Musculoskeletal Manifestations of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Kashmiri Population

Abstract

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM), is affecting an ever increasing number of people worldwide. Diabetes is associated with several musculoskeletal manifestations. These may involve, the upper as well as the lower limb. We conducted this study to find out the prevalence of musculoskeletal problems in type 2 diabetics in the Kashmiri population. Methodology:The study was conducted on 403 patients with diabetes and 300 controls. All patients underwent screening for any musculoskeletal abnormalities. The patients with musculoskeletal abnormalities were further assessed to find the exact diagnosis according to predefined criteria. Results:The hand was involved in 80 patients [19.8%] in the diabetic group and 15 (5%) patients of the control group. The elbow was affected in 56 patients [14%] in the diabetic group and 24 patients [5.9%] in the non-diabetic group. The shoulder involvement was diagnosed in 61 patients [15%] on the diabetic cohort and 15 patients in the non-diabetic cohort. All the upper limb figures showed a statistically significant difference i.e. P value <0.05. Conclusion:The prevalence of musculoskeletal complications in type 2 diabetics in Kashmir is quite high.

Musculoskeletal manifestations in type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…This may amplify the musculoskeletal signs and symptoms. 8 In this study, 78% cases had HbA1c >7. In study from Northwest India 14.6% study subjects had HbA1c ≤7.…”

“…While in study among Kashmiri population hand, elbow and shoulder were most commonly affected areas. 8 In this study the overall prevalence of musculoskeletal manifestations was 42%. While in study from Northwest India the prevalence was 57.01% and in a study of Kashmiri population 33% had musculoskeletal manifestations.…”

“…While in study from Northwest India the prevalence was 57.01% and in a study of Kashmiri population 33% had musculoskeletal manifestations. 5,8 The result of our study indicate that with advancing age, incidence of musculoskeletal manifestations increased and it was statistically significant for limited joint mobility or diabetic chieroarthropathy, flexor tenosynovitis, Dupuytren's contracture, diabetic foot, carpel tunnel syndrome and diabetic amyotrophy (p value <0.007, [OR 4.4 (CI 1.2-16.1)]. Findings of our study replicates those from study done in North West India, and Pakistan, which showed the positive relationship between advancing age and musculoskeletal manifestation.…”

An observational study on musculoskeletal manifestations in type 2 Diabetes mellitus in rural population of Himachal Pradesh, India

“…All the studies done on diabetic complications in India have been reported from big cities. 4,5 This study was done at a rural medical college located in Chamba district of Bhat TA et al Int J Res Med Sci. 2019 Nov;7(11): [4237][4238][4239][4240][4241][4242] International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | November 2019 | Vol 7 | Issue 11 Page 4238 Himachal Pradesh catering entirely rural population with limited health care facilities.…”

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients of Tertiary Care Center of Gwalior, India

“…The chronic complication of Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of death and disability. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multisystemic disease with development of additional manifestation such as musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) [4]. The hyperglycemia in T2DM is the main cause of organ dysfunction like frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis), limited joint mobility (diabetic chieroarthropathy Dupuytren's contracture, carpel tunnel syndrome, flexor tenosynovitis (trigger finger), DISH (diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis), Charcot's joints, osteomyelitis, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, and diabetic amyotrophy [5].…”