The mutagenic activity of unpolymerized resin monomers in Salmonella typhimurium and V79 cells

Mutagenicity and DNA Damage of Bisphenol a and its Structural Analogues in Hepg2 Cells

“…BPA is considered non-genotoxic because it was negative to a set of basic genotoxicity tests. It was not mutagenic in the Salmonella/ microsome assay (20)(21), did not induce gene mutations (21)(22) or chromosomal aberrations (23) in mammalian cells in vitro, and failed to induce chromosomal aberration and micronucleus formation in vivo in mice bone marrow (24). In contrast, BPA induced numerical chromosomal aberrations and morphological changes in cultured SHE cells (22) and in mice it induced achromatic lesions and c-mitotic effects in bone marrow cells (24).…”

Biocompatibility of Orthodontic Resins: <i>In vitro</i> Evaluation of Monomer Leaching and Cytotoxic Effects

“…Taken together, these observations indicated that TEGDMA might be the main causative factor of the severe cytotoxic effects determined by Greengloo eluates, but our results cannot exclude that different molecules, not included in our investigation, could contribute to the cytotoxic response exerted by this composite. TEGDMA toxicity is mainly related to the highest monomer release in the oral cavity; many studies demonstrated that Bis-GMA molecules, tasted alone, showed a greater intrinsic toxicity compared to TEGDMA monomers (Schweikl et al, 1998), but it show less toxicity when combined with others molecules and this could be justify the differences in our toxicity result between Grengloo (TEGDMA) and Eagle Spectrum (TEGDMA and Bis-GMA). The causes of this agonistic or antagonistic behavior remain unknown (Schuster et al, 2000).…”

“…Several in vitro studies demonstrated that Bis-GMA and TEGDMA caused a dose-dependent mutagenic effect inducing formation of micronuclei, cell cycle delay and apoptosis (Schweikl et al, 1998;Heil et al, 1996;Yano et al, 2011) and may influence specific cell responses of the innate immune system (Eckhardt et al, 2009a;2009b). Moreover TEGDMA, as well as Bis-GMA, is reported to affect GSH concentration (Spagnuolo et al, 2013), a natural radical scavenger, which protects cell structures from damage caused by oxidative stress (Schweikl et al, 2006).…”

“…Resin dental monomers were found to be cytotoxic and the tests all indicated damages to cell membrane integrity and alteration of cell functions, such as enzyme activities or synthesis of macromolecules (Schweikl et al, 1998). In vitro studies revealed that TEGDMA caused a dose-dependent mutagenic effect in mammalian cells inducing formation of micronuclei, cell cycle delay and apoptosis via Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production (Schweikl et al, 2001;Eckhardt et al, 2009a).…”

Casting the runes

“…The monomers also caused cytotoxicity in cultured cells with ED 50 in the low millimolar to submillimolar concentrations (Kleinsasser et al 2006, Schweikl et al 2005, Schweikl and Schmalz 1996a, Schweikl and Schmalz 1997, Schweikl et al 1998a, Schweikl et al 1996b, Schweikl et al 1998b, Schweikl et al 2006. In an in vitro embryotoxicity screening study, BisGMA induced effects at low, non-cytotoxic concentrations suggesting a potential for embryotoxicity or teratogenicity (Schwengberg et al 2005).…”