The mycotoxin patulin: An updated short review on occurrence, toxicity and analytical challenges

Vidal, Arnau; Ouhibi, Salma; Ghali, R.; Hédhili, Abderrazek; Saeger, Sarah De; Boevre, Marthe De

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.048

Cited by 118 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Patulin (PAT) is produced by many different molds, predominantly by Penicillium spp. (Puel et al, 2010;Frisvad, 2018;Vidal et al, 2019) but, occasionally, by some Byssochlamys (Sant'Ana et al, 2010;Frisvad, 2018) and Aspergillus spp., including A. giganteus, A. longivesica, and A. clavatus (Varga et al, 2007;Pal et al, 2017;Frisvad, 2018) as well. Chemically, PAT is a water-soluble, colorless, polyketide lactone (Figure 3), which is thought to exert its toxicity through reacting with thiol groups (cysteine, glutathione, thiol moieties of proteins) in the cytoplasm (Pal et al, 2017).…”

Section: Patulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, A. clavatus may also colonize malted barley and wheat, which might also contribute to the appearance of PAT in the feed and food chain (Lopez-Diaz and Flannigan, 1997;Loretti et al, 2003;Sabater-Vilar et al, 2004). Different food products, like vegetables, rotting apples, grains, and fruits may contain primarily Penicillium-derived PAT (Puel et al, 2010;Wright, 2015;Frisvad, 2018;Vidal et al, 2019). As this is a quite stable secondary metabolite, it can withstand various harsh processing steps, such as milling and heating.…”

Section: Occurrence Of Aspergillus-derived Mycotoxins In the Feed Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicological and Medical Aspects of Aspergillus-Derived Mycotoxins Entering the Feed and Food Chain

et al. 2020

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Background: A atoxins are major contaminants of feed used in poultry industry that negatively affect animal and human health. In Ethiopia, previous studies on a atoxins mainly considered cattle feed and milk, but scarce information exists for poultry feeds. Method: The aim of this study was to determine the burden of a atoxin in poultry feed in bishoftu.Cross sectional study was conducted from December, 2018 to May, 2019and 33 compound poultry feed samples were randomly collected from chicken rearing villages of Bishoftuand analyzed for G2, G1, B2 , B1 and total a atoxins using HPLC. Results: The result indicated thatfrom a total of 33 samples 31(94%) samples were contaminated with a atoxin. The mean level of a atoxin G2, G1, B2, B1 and total a atoxinswere 18.00 µg/g, 88.5499 µg/g, 13.50µg/g, 70.11µg/g and 190.18µg/g respectively. This study curtained the level of a atoxinin 25 (72.75%) samples for AFT and 22 (66.67%) samples for AFB1 were above the limit of FDA regulatory levels of 20µg/g for poultry feed. Conclusion: The study showed the high contamination of a atoxins in poultry feed. The study warrants the need for preventive strategies of a atoxin contamination including implementation of regulatory legislation in poultry feeds in Bishoftu.

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Section: Patulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Occurrence Of Aspergillus-derived Mycotoxins In the Feed Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological and Medical Aspects of Aspergillus-Derived Mycotoxins Entering the Feed and Food Chain

et al. 2020

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“…By mount up via food chain, PAT can cause severe risk to health of humans and livestock such as genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity, mutations, teratogenicity, and gastrointestinal tract disorders in different organs. [ 7 ] The USA, China, and European Union stipulate that the highest permissible concentration of PAT in foodstuff is 50 µg kg −1 . [ 8 ] Regarding as its hazardous effect, the detoxification of PAT is necessary from food products to achieve more severe quality standards and safety necessities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and Eco‐Friendly Removal of Mycotoxins with Organo‐Bentonites; Isothermal, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies

Saeed

Farooq

Nafees

et al. 2020

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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In the current study the application of organo‐modified bentonite for the adsorption of mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1, citrinin, patulin, and zearalenone) is presented. The modification of clays is carried out using benzyl‐tri‐n‐butyl ammonium bromide (BTB), benzethonium chloride (BTC), and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DSS). Various experimental parameters such as pH, time, adsorbent dose, and mycotoxins concentration are thoroughly studied. The modified clays (B‐BTB, B‐BTC and B‐DSS) are characterized by X‐ray fluorescence, X‐ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results depicted the high detoxification efficiency (≈99%) of modified clays for the removal of mycotoxins under optimized conditions (pH 5, time: 30 min, adsorbent amount: 50 mg). The adsorption capacities of modified clays are found in the order of: B‐BTC (AFB1: 18.02, CIT: 18.35, PAT: 18.21, ZEA: 18.09 mg g−1) > B‐BTB (AFB1: 17.7, CIT: 18.11, PAT: 17.95, ZEA: 17.90 mg g−1) > B‐DSS (AFB1: 17.5, CIT: 18.02, PAT: 17.86, ZEA: 17.80 mg g−1). The obtained results fitted well with thermodynamic, isothermal (Langmuir) and pseudo‐second order kinetics. Low cost organo‐modified bentonite shows the promise in mitigating mycotoxin contamination, which could improve food safety and reduce environmental contamination.

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“…In mice, patulin increases a number of monocytes, NK cells and cytotoxic T cells, and decreases a number of lymphocytes and peripheral blood leukocytes [121]. According to IARC, patulin is a group 3 carcinogen as it is not carcinogenic to humans [122]. International agencies and institutions have introduced limits for patulin in various food products.…”

Section: Patulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Aspects of Mycotoxins—A Serious Problem for Human Health

Janik

Niemcewicz

Ceremuga

et al. 2020

IJMS

135

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Mycotoxins are toxic fungal secondary metabolities formed by a variety of fungi (moulds) species. Hundreds of potentially toxic mycotoxins have been already identified and are considered a serious problem in agriculture, animal husbandry, and public health. A large number of food-related products and beverages are yearly contaminated by mycotoxins, resulting in economic welfare losses. Mycotoxin indoor environment contamination is a global problem especially in less technologically developed countries. There is an ongoing effort in prevention of mould growth in the field and decontamination of contaminated food and feed in order to protect human and animal health. It should be emphasized that the mycotoxins production by fungi (moulds) species is unavoidable and that they are more toxic than pesticides. Human and animals are exposed to mycotoxin via food, inhalation, or contact which can result in many building-related illnesses including kidney and neurological diseases and cancer. In this review, we described in detail the molecular aspects of main representatives of mycotoxins, which are serious problems for global health, such as aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol, patulin, and zearalenone.

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The mycotoxin patulin: An updated short review on occurrence, toxicity and analytical challenges

Cited by 118 publications

References 84 publications

Toxicological and Medical Aspects of Aspergillus-Derived Mycotoxins Entering the Feed and Food Chain

Toxicological and Medical Aspects of Aspergillus-Derived Mycotoxins Entering the Feed and Food Chain

Green and Eco‐Friendly Removal of Mycotoxins with Organo‐Bentonites; Isothermal, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies

Molecular Aspects of Mycotoxins—A Serious Problem for Human Health

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