The narcoleptic syndrome.

Parkes, J. D.; Clift, S.; Dahlitz, M.; Chen, S Y; Dunn, G

doi:10.1136/jnnp.59.3.221

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Third, hypnagogic hallucinations of narcolepsy are also often multisensory and may involve somatic or tactile sensations [16]. These hallucinations are due to sleep-onset REM activity [15]. It should be emphasized that most patients in the present study had a long disease duration (mean over 11 years) and a high level of severity, suggesting a link between advanced PD and the presence of TH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Tactile hallucinations in Parkinson's disease

Fénelon¹,

Thobois

Bonnet

et al. 2002

Journal of Neurology

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Hallucinations occur in up to 40% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and are mainly of a visual nature. We prospectively studied 8 patients with PD and tactile hallucinations (TH). TH occurred with a clear sensorium, and were long-lasting. In most cases they involved animals, were combined with other types of hallucinations occurring simultaneously (mainly formed visual hallucinations), and predominated in the evening and/or at night. Pharmacological and disease-related factors, including a disorder in rapid-eye-movement sleep mechanisms, could play a part in the pathophysiology of these hallucinations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Tactile hallucinations in Parkinson's disease

Fénelon¹,

Thobois

Bonnet

et al. 2002

Journal of Neurology

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“…The delay between the first symptom and diagnosis has been previously reported to range from the same year to more than 60 years (Morrish et al ., ; Parkes et al ., ), usually more than a decade, with a mean delay between 15 and 17 years after the onset of EDS (Moldofsky et al ., ; Morrish et al ., ). Although it is generally claimed that the diagnostic delay has considerably shortened in recent years, in our population the mean diagnostic delay is still substantial (14.6 ± 14.3 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, polysomnographic and genome‐wide association analyses of narcolepsy with cataplexy: a European Narcolepsy Network study

Luca

Haba‐Rubio

Dauvilliers

et al. 2013

Journal of Sleep Research

198

125

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SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to describe the clinical and PSG characteristics of narcolepsy with cataplexy and their genetic predisposition by using the retrospective patient database of the European Narcolepsy Network (EU-NN). We have analysed retrospective data of 1099 patients with narcolepsy diagnosed according to International Classification of Sleep Disorders-2. Demographic and clinical characteristics, polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test data, hypocretin-1 levels, and genomewide genotypes were available. We found a significantly lower age at sleepiness onset (men versus women: 23.74 AE 12.43 versus 21.49 AE 11.83, P = 0.003) and longer diagnostic delay in women (men versus women: 13.82 AE 13.79 versus 15.62 AE 14.94, P = 0.044). The mean diagnostic delay was 14.63 AE 14.31 years, and longer delay was associated with higher body mass index. The best predictors of short diagnostic delay were young age at diagnosis, cataplexy as the first symptom and higher frequency of cataplexy attacks. The mean multiple sleep latency negatively correlated with Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and with the number of sleep-onset rapid eye movement periods 482 ª

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“…[22] A United Kingdom-based study found that even though 66% of patients received their diagnosis within 5 years, around 24% had a delay (>10 years) in arriving at the diagnosis. [23] The median delay in diagnosis ranges from 8.4 years[24] to 22.1 years. [25] Even though delay in diagnosis is reported across the world, a shortening of delay in the most recent decade of symptom onset has been observed by some authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central disorders of hypersomnolence in children and adults: A comparative study from South India

Trivedi

Sreedharan

Nair

et al. 2019

Ann Indian Acad Neurol

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Background:Narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnolence (IHS) are rare disorders. In Western populations, the reported prevalence of narcolepsy is 0.02%–0.05%. In Indian subcontinent, there are few reports on narcolepsy and none on IHS so far. Here, we compared the clinical and polysomnographic profile of narcolepsy/IHS among the pediatric and adult groups.Materials and Methods:The patients presenting with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) attending sleep clinic from January 2010 to December 2015 were included. Patients were diagnosed with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), and IHS based on the International Classification for Sleep Disorders criteria. Patients with secondary causes of EDS were excluded from the study.Results:A total of 56 patients were included in the study (29 males and 27 females). The mean age of symptom onset was 29 years (males – 34 years and females – 24 years). Twelve (21%) patients had NT1, five (9%) patients had NT2, whereas 38 (68%) patients had IHS compared to narcolepsy, the IHS had an older mean age at presentation. The average time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 71 months. Classical tetrad of narcolepsy was rarely found in pediatric cohort, but they had more behavioral problems and weight gain. Pediatric cohort of IHS also reported behavioral problems. The mean sleep-onset latency was 3.1 min, while the mean rapid eye movement latency was 7.2 min.Conclusion:The pediatric narcolepsy patients tend to have less classical symptoms and more behavioral/eating problems as compared to adult cohort. There is significant delay in diagnosing narcolepsy, indicating the need to increase awareness among the physicians about this rare treatable disorder.

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The narcoleptic syndrome.

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Tactile hallucinations in Parkinson's disease

Tactile hallucinations in Parkinson's disease

Clinical, polysomnographic and genome‐wide association analyses of narcolepsy with cataplexy: a European Narcolepsy Network study

Central disorders of hypersomnolence in children and adults: A comparative study from South India

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