The natural history of esophageal varices

Baker, Lyle A.; Smith, Clifford W.; Lieberman, Gerald J.

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(59)90311-0

Cited by 132 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The theoretical considerations mentioned above are in line with retrospective studies [1,17,25,34,40,56] which revealed that the bleeding risk of large varices is about three times higher than that of small varices. In fact, variceal size is the best documented risk factor for variceal bleeding.…”

Section: Variceal Size and Numbersupporting

confidence: 67%

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Prophylaxis of first variceal hemorrhage in patients with liver cirrhosis

et al. 1986

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Summary. Prophylaxis of bleeding from esophageal varices is a very tempting concept at first glance, especially under the assumption of a high mortality associated with first variceal hemorrhage. Up to now four different measures have been tried for prophylaxis: portacaval shunt operation, devascularization procedures, sclerotherapy, and drugs. With the exception of portacaval shunts, ongoing controlled trials show a weak trend toward reduction of variceal bleeding and prolongation of survival in selected patients with compensated cirrhosis and large varices. However, prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding must still be regarded as experimental and should be restricted to controlled clinical studies.

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Section: Variceal Size and Numbersupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Thirty to seventy percent of patients with liver cirrhosis develop esophageal varices [14], but only 20%-40% of these patients bleed from their varices during a follow-up period of about 2 to 14 years [1,15,16,35,67]. Overall mortality of first variceal hemorrhage was 50% in the Copenhagen study [89].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of First Varieeal Bleedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylaxis of first variceal hemorrhage in patients with liver cirrhosis

et al. 1986

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“…Conn et al (3) found that of the 33 nonascitic cirrhotics excluded from their second prophylactic shunt study, 24% (8 of 33) bled from varices. Thus, in these studies (1)(2)(3)(4), approximately one-third of cirrhotics eventually bled from varices.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Pitfalls in studies of prophylactic therapy for variceal bleeding in cirrhotics†

1986

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“…The presence of varices in itself is a poor predictor of bleeding, since only 30-40% of such patients bleed [4,18], The size of var ices, by contrast, seems to be a good predic tor of bleeding [13,14]. Another important aspect is survival; thus, one should not only ask whether a patient will bleed, but also whether he will survive a bleeding episode.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Variceal Hemorrhagementioning

confidence: 99%