The nature and effects of cortical microvascular pathology in aging and Alzheimer's disease

Bailey, Thomasina L.; Rivara, Claire B.; Rocher, Anne B.; Hof, Patrick R.

doi:10.1179/016164104225016272

Cited by 186 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…A variety of antigens expressed on either endothelial cells or the vascular basement membrane have been used including laminin (Eriksdotter-Nilsson et al, 1986), fibronectin (Krum et al, 1991), von Willebrand factor (Theilen et al, 1992), collagen IV (Gidday et al, 2005) and the heparin sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) perlecan (Chen et al, 2005;Gidday et al, 2005;Bailey et al, 2004;Buée et al, 1994). All work well in embryonic or neonatal mouse and rat brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pepsin pretreatment allows collagen IV immunostaining of blood vessels in adult mouse brain

Franciosi¹,

Gasperi²,

Dickstein³

et al. 2007

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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While the brain vasculature can be imaged with many methods, immunohistochemistry has distinct advantages due to its simplicity and applicability to archival tissue. However, immunohistochemical staining of the murine brain vasculature in aldehyde fixed tissue has proven elusive and inconsistent using current protocols. Here we investigated whether antigen retrieval methods could improve vascular staining in the adult mouse brain. We found that pepsin digestion prior to immunostaining unmasked widespread collagen IV staining of the cerebrovasculature in the adult mouse brain. Pepsin treatment also unmasked widespread vascular staining with laminin, but only marginally improved

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pepsin pretreatment allows collagen IV immunostaining of blood vessels in adult mouse brain

Franciosi¹,

Gasperi²,

Dickstein³

et al. 2007

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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“…Dans les années 90, plusieurs altérations microvasculaires liées à l'âge (dépôts de collagène péri-vasculaires, atrophie de l'endothélium, épaississe-ment de la membrane basale, dégénérescence des pericytes, tortuosité des capillaires) ont été décrites au niveau ultrastructurel aussi bien dans le cerveau vieillissant que lors d'une MA (voir références [38][39][40][41]). En revanche, les analyses quantitatives des paramètres structuraux des capillaires cérébraux ont été rares et ont abouti à des résultats contradictoires.…”

Section: S C H W E I Z E R a R C H I V F ü R N E U R O L O G I E U N unclassified

Le cerveau aux limites du vieillissement: à propos des nonagénaires et centenaires

2008

Swiss Arch Neurol Psychiatr

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Summary Ebbing K, von Gunten A, Kovari E. [The brain in extreme aging: lessons from nonagenarians and centenarians.] Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr. 2008;159:386-93.The elderly population represents the fastest growing age group worldwide and there is a growing awareness of age-related diseases such as dementia. By 2020 it is estimated that at least 1 billion people will be older than 60 years representing more than 20% of the total population.However, recent epidemiological studies of very old individuals have shown that prevalence rates of dementia vary from 27 to 62% pointing to the fact that dementia is not inevitable in very old individuals and that the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) decreases significantly after age 90, suggesting a relative resistance of centenarians to the degenerative process. Normal brain aging is characterised by the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and senile plaques (SP), as well as neuronal and synaptic loss in both cognitively intact individuals and patients with AD. In non-demented cases neurofibrillary tangles are usually restricted to the hippocampal formation, whereas the progressive involvement of the association areas in the temporal neocortex parallels the development of overt clinical signs of dementia. In contrast, there is no correlation between the quantitative distribution of senile plaques and severity of AD.The pattern of lesion distribution and neuronal loss changes in extreme aging. Several neuropathologic analyses postulated that in contrast to younger cases where dementia is mainly related to severe NFT formation within adjacent components of the medial and inferior aspects of the temporal cortex, oldest-old individuals display a preferential involvement of the anterior part of the CA1 field of the hippocampus whereas the inferior temporal and frontal association areas are relatively spared, supposing that the extent of NFT development in the hippocampus is the key determinant of dementia in the very old.In our first series of 12 patients older than 90 years with sterological analysis we found a significant difference in NFT densities, in the anterior CA1 field, but not in the posterior CA1 field and entorhinal cortex (EC), between demented and non-demented very old patients and suggested that nonagenarians and centenarians may show a displacement of subregional distribution of NFT within the CA field. Cortical association areas were relatively preserved. The progression of NFT formation across the different CDR groups was significantly slower in nonagenarians and centenarians compared to younger cases in the CA1 field and EC; even cases with moderate dementia display only mild NFT formation in this area with more than 80% of preserved neurons. The total amyloid and the neuronal loss in the entorhinal cortex and CA1 field in these cases were also significantly lower than that reported in younger AD cases.In a second stereologic study of 19 very old individuals with various degrees of cognitive impairment we also assessed total capillary length, number...

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“…Furthermore, the functional integrity of the brain microvascular network is crucial for the maintenance of energy metabolism and furnishing oxygen and nutrients to the brain parenchyma (Magistretti and Pellerin, 1999;Magistretti, 2000). Considering that the microvascular network can be severely altered in neurodegenerative disorders (Buée et al, 1994;Bailey et al, 2004), it becomes important to assess quantitatively and dynamically potential disease-or aging-related alterations in the brain microvascular bed in animal models. Recent technology permits in vitro and in vivo approaches to these issues (Nedergaard et al, 2003).…”

Section: Quantification Of 3d Spatial Complexity In Vascular Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Severe vascular modifications are also detected in several neurodegenerative disorders (Buée et al, 1994;Bailey et al, 2004). Electron microscopy studies have revealed thickening and vacuolization of the vascular basement membrane, thinning of microvessels referred to as atrophic or string vessels (Bell and Ball, 1981), increased tortuosity (Fischer et al, 1990), and fragmentation of the microvasculature related to a decrease in the number of long microvessels and their branches (Buée et al, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

New techniques for imaging, digitization and analysis of three-dimensional neural morphology on multiple scales

et al. 2005

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The nature and effects of cortical microvascular pathology in aging and Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 186 publications

References 74 publications

Pepsin pretreatment allows collagen IV immunostaining of blood vessels in adult mouse brain

Pepsin pretreatment allows collagen IV immunostaining of blood vessels in adult mouse brain

Le cerveau aux limites du vieillissement: à propos des nonagénaires et centenaires

New techniques for imaging, digitization and analysis of three-dimensional neural morphology on multiple scales

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