The near field in the mixing of a round jet with a cross-stream

Moussa, Z. M.; Trischka, J. W.; Eskinazi, S.

doi:10.1017/s0022112077001530

Cited by 217 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Almost identical frequencies are found for lower injection rates of the circular jet, such as q = 4 and 7. Similar Strouhal numbers are seen also in literature [105], although these previous investigations were not held for liquid injections into hypersonic cross flow. …”

Section: Jet Breakup and Clump Detachmentsupporting

confidence: 86%

Experimental Investigation of Liquid Fragmentation In Hypersonic Crossflow

Asma

Masutti

Chazot

2009

27th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference

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Section: Jet Breakup and Clump Detachmentsupporting

confidence: 86%

Experimental Investigation of Liquid Fragmentation In Hypersonic Crossflow

Asma

Masutti

Chazot

2009

27th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference

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“…An asymmetry of the velocity gradients ∂ u 3 ∂ x is also observed and, according to Moussa et al [29], this asymmetry is more pronounced upstream from the jet than downstream where the mixing is mainly due to the alternating shedding of the UV. The growth of the structures generated by Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the UV can induce a vertical mass flow rate three times the upstream one for J = 24.1 at z − z jet = 4.8 D jet above the injection exit.…”

Section: Near-fieldmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Cross-jets from chimneys have been studied by Eiff et al [8] and Moussa et al [29] for determining the influence of its wake on gas dilution. The emission of UV downstream from the jet is linked to the Von Karman vortex shedding downstream from the chimney and is characterized by a Strouhal number based on the diameter of the chimney (and not the jet).…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Influence of the Wake Behind an Injector Frame on Jet Dilution in a Crossflow

Gourara

Rogér

Wang

2005

Flow Turbulence Combust

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In this paper, a mixing of gases through square Jets issuing normally Into a CrossFlow (JICF) is investigated by means of both numerical simulation and experiment. The jets are emitted by two injectors mounted at the top and bottom of an Injector Frame (IF) which is installed at the center of an Eiffel type wind-tunnel. This jet configuration makes it possible to approximate an industrial gas mixer placed at the center of a pipe. Large Eddy Simulation based on the Smagorinsky model is used, enabling characterization of the mean and fluctuating velocities as well as the oscillating flow frequencies. Different diagnostic techniques, such as Laser Doppler Anemometry and Particle Image Velocimetry are employed for validating the numerical models, and a good agreement between prediction and experiment is obtained. In the numerical simulation, introduction of a passive scalar through the jet makes it possible to show three dilution phenomena. They are generated respectively by the wake of the IF, the jet/wake assemblage and the jets alone in function of the momentum flux ratio between jet and crossflow. Influence of the various parameters on the mixing process between the jets and the crossflow is identified. The numerical results show that if the IF wake is suppressed with the presence of a trailing edge behind the IF, classical formation of Counter-rotating Vortex Pair is found. NomenclatureC = Smagorinsky constant D = characteristic length (m) Esd = energy spectral density (m 2 s −1 ) F = frequency (Hz) g = gravity vector (m s −2 ) J = ρ jet U 2 jet ρ cf U 2 cf : momentum flux ratio between jet and crossflow M k = molar mass of the species k (kg mol −1 ) p = pressure (Pa) R = ideal gas constant (J mol −1 K −1 ) Re cf = U cf D jet ν cf : Reynolds number built on U cf and D jet 356 A. GOURARA ET AL. Re inj = U cf D inj ν cf : Reynolds number built on U cf and D inj Re jet = U jet D jet ν jet : Reynolds number built on U jet and D jet R v = velocity ratio between jet and crossflow S i j = large scale strain rate tensor (s −1 ) |S i j | = magnitude of the large scale strain rate tensor (s −1 ) Sc t = turbulent Schmidt number St = F D U : Strouhal number t = time (s) T = temperature (K) Tu = ( u 2 1 +u 2 2 +u 2 3 3U 2 cf ) 0.5 : turbulence rate U = (u 1 , u 2 , u 3 ): velocity vector (m s −1 ) U = bulk velocity (m s −1 ) x = (x 1 , x 2 , x 3 ) ≡ (x, y, z) : coordinates (m) Y k = mass fraction of the species k = filter size (m) = Von Karman vortex magnitude (m) ν = kinematic viscosity (m 2 s −1 )Y k 3 ): subgrid scalar transport flux of the species k (kg m −2 s −1 ) Subscripts and Superscripts 0 = operating conditions cf = crossflow cl = centerline CVP = counter-rotating vortex pair inj = injector frame (IF) jet = jet max = maximum sg = subgrid scales te = trailing edge VK = Von Karman vortices behind the IF Operators = filter ∼ = Favre filter = time averaging operator

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“…Turbulence characteristics of an isolated normal jet in cross flow were reported by Andreopoulos and Rodi (1984). Moussa et al (1997) studied the mixing of the JCF. Smith and Mungal (1998) investigated mixing structure and scaling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%