The Needs of Current Implant Technology in Orthopaedic Prosthesis Biomaterials Application to Reduce Prosthesis Failure Rate

Abstract

Today, orthopaedics is still in search for the most reliable biomaterial for prosthesis. The biomaterial needs to have good longevity and other supporting properties in order to maintain low implant failure. An ideal metallic biomaterial should be biocompatible, has similar elastic modulus to that of bone, has excellent resistance to fatigue, corrosion, aseptic loosening, and wear, and has good bone-bonding ability. The success of an implant depends on many factors. Good osseointegration is one of the factors required to reduce the rate of loosening of implants and in order to increase the chance of osseointegration, high stability of implants and early healing process encouragement are needed.

Effects of nano-engineered surfaces on osteoblast adhesion, growth, differentiation, and apoptosis

“…2 Currently, orthopedic implant lifetimes are only 10-15 years with failures due to multiple causes including infection, inflammation, and poor osseointegration. [3][4][5] These statistics highlight the need to develop better technologies for TJR procedures and to produce implants that stimulate host cell adhesion and growth. Improving osseointegration properties of bone implants decreases healing time and increases implant longevity.…”

“…Improving osseointegration properties of bone implants decreases healing time and increases implant longevity. 5,6 An ideal biomaterial should have several fundamental properties simultaneously, including biocompatibility, high strength, bone-bonding ability, and resistance to fatigue, corrosion, and wear. 5 However, no known materials possess these combined properties.…”

“…5,6 An ideal biomaterial should have several fundamental properties simultaneously, including biocompatibility, high strength, bone-bonding ability, and resistance to fatigue, corrosion, and wear. 5 However, no known materials possess these combined properties. For example, ceramics have high biocompatibility and enhanced corrosion resistance, but they are brittle and can fracture because of their low plasticity.…”

“…11 Even though these modifications have been identified, there is still a continuing search for an optimal surface modification method to improve the biocompatibility of implants, to enhance osteoblast activation and differentiation, and thus extend implant longevity. 5 Among the techniques that are used to improve bioactivity and biocompatibility, ion beam techniques including ion beam sputtering deposition (IBSD) and ion beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) can be beneficial. These techniques are used to deposit thin and homogeneous films on the metallic substrates with high adhesive strength.…”

Exploring Macroporosity of Additively Manufactured Titanium Metamaterials for Bone Regeneration with Quality by Design: A Systematic Literature Review

“…In similar research, Jabir et al [141] described the main fundamental requirements for implants as biocompatibility, good manufacturability, geometric precision, appropriate design, biomechanical stability, resistance to implant wear, corrosion and aseptic loosening, bioactivity, and osteoconduction. Since the environment in the human body is highly corrosive and biomaterials are usually bioactive, the implant will interact with its environment after implantation [140].…”