The Nematocidal Principles of Tagetes Roots

Abstract

The structure assigned to the liquid nematocidal principle of Tagetes roots 5-(3-buten-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithienyl (II), by Uhlenbroek and Bijloo, has been confirmed by studying the mass spectra and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of (II) and its hydrogenation products. α-Terthienyl (I) and (II) have also been isolated from fresh roots of T. minuta (T. glandulifera).

Composition of the leaf wax of Little Club wheat

“…0-Diketones were removed from the wax (1965) as copper complexes (3,5) but part of the alcohols crystallized at the same time. The resulting mixture of P-diketones, alcohols, and hydroxy-P-diketones was separated chromatographically.…”

“…Horn and Lamberton (3) showed that Pdiketones are major compoi~ents of a number of plant waxes and that they can be detected and estimated by infrared (i.r.) and ultraviolet (u.v.)…”

Secondary Metabolites with Antinematodal Activity from Higher Plants

“…Three nematicidal thiophenes were isolated from Tagetes roots, and were identified as 5-(1-buten-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (28), 5-(3-buten-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (29), and 5-(4-acetoxy-1-butynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene (30) [46].…”

“…Other simple monoterpenes have been implicated as antinematodal agents, particularly when used as soil amendments: citronellal (42) [53]; citral (43), menthol (44), and α-terpineol (45) [48]; geraniol (46) [54]; and limonene (47) [55].…”

New Rare Earth Antiknock Additives that are Potential Substitutes for Tetraethyl Lead

“…Waxes from various grasses and Eucalyptus and Acacia species contain 50% or more a-diketones [34,35].…”